• Special Issue Topic

    Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Pathophysiological Conditions

    Submission Deadline: December 31, 2021

    Guest Editors

    Prof. Dr. Esma R. Isenovic E-Mail

    Full Professor, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, P.O.Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

    Research Keywords: diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, ROS, metabolic syndrome, obesity, molecular biology, signal transduction


    Dr. Milan Obradovic E-Mail

    Senior research associate, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, P.O.Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

    Research Keywords: diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, ROS, metabolic syndrome, obesity, molecular biology, signal transduction


    About the Special Issue

    In cellular physiology and signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in various processes, including cellular growth, gene expression, activation of signal transduction pathways, and defense against infection by induction transcription factors. ROS plays an essential role in regulating endothelial function and vascular tone in the physiological condition of the vascular system. However, ROS are also involved in pathophysiological processes such as inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular remodeling in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including hypertension. Thus, ROS are implicated in vascular pathophysiology, leading to atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension. The excess levels of antioxidants lead to excess reducing equivalents of glutathione (GSH), NADPH, and NADH that depletes ROS and triggers reductive stress (RS). This state of chronic reductive stress stimulates an increase in the production of oxidants only to establish an oxidative stress state that is eventually driven back to the reductive stress state. These counter mechanisms describe the general processes that govern redox control. Moreover, the lack of redox control in prolonged oxidative or reductive stresses has been linked to several disease states, including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, targeting ROS offers exciting new avenues for drug discovery and treatment for different pathology and represents an excellent case for the translational "bench to bedside" research strategy that will be developed into effective clinical strategies.

    Keywords: ROS, ROS signaling, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases

    Published Articles

    Open Access
    Review
    Paradoxical role of reactive oxygen species in bone remodelling: implications in osteoporosis and possible nanotherapeutic interventions
    Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder that affects both sexes and is the most common cause of fractures. Osteoporosis therapies primarily inhibit osteoclast activity, and are seldom designed to  [...] Read more.
    Largee Biswas ... Anita Kamra Verma
    Published: August 31, 2022 Explor Med. 2022;3:393–413
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2022.00102
    View:1979
    Download:84
    Open Access
    Review
    Early taurine administration as a means for halting the cytokine storm progression in COVID-19 patients
    Around the world, more than 6.2 million individuals have died as a result of COVID-19. According to a recent survey conducted among immunologists, epidemiologists, and virologists, this disease is expected to become endemic. This  [...] Read more.
    Alberto Rubio-Casillas ... Raied Badierah
    Published: June 08, 2022 Explor Med. 2022;3:234–248
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2022.00088
    View:3785
    Download:73
    Open Access
    Review
    Reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular diseases: an update
    Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, imposing major health threats. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the most important products from the process of redox [...] Read more.
    Juanjuan Fei ... Jun Ren
    Published: April 26, 2022 Explor Med. 2022;3:188–204
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2022.00085
    View:1557
    Download:54
    Open Access
    Review
    Multi-faced roles of reactive oxygen species in anti-tumor T cell immune responses and combination immunotherapy
    T cells play a central role in anti-tumor immunity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) lie at the crossroad on the anti-tumor T cell responses. To activate efficient T cell immunity, a moderate level [...] Read more.
    Tao Wang, Haiyan Xu
    Published: February 25, 2022 Explor Med. 2022;3:77–98
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2022.00076
    View:2667
    Download:77
    Open Access
    Review
    Oxidative stress in obesity and insulin resistance
    Since obesity is one of the main factors in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and is also associated with increased oxidative stress (OxS) rate, this study aims to review the published lite [...] Read more.
    Anastasija Panic ... Esma R. Isenovic
    Published: February 23, 2022 Explor Med. 2022;3:58–70
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2022.00074
    View:4469
    Download:176
    Open Access
    Review
    Reactive oxygen species in cancer progression and its role in therapeutics
    The redox status in pathogenesis is critically regulated by careful balance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their elimination. Increased ROS level above the cellular tole [...] Read more.
    Ranjeet Singh, Partha Pratim Manna
    Published: February 22, 2022 Explor Med. 2022;3:43–57
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2022.00073
    View:8058
    Download:294
    Open Access
    Review
    Antioxidant enzymes and vascular diseases
    Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a fundamental role in regulating endothelial function and vascular tone in the physiological conditions of a vascular system. However, oxidative stress has det [...] Read more.
    Jelena Radovanovic ... Esma R. Isenovic
    Published: December 31, 2021 Explor Med. 2021;2:544–555
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2021.00070
    View:2540
    Download:76
    Open Access
    Perspective
    Reactive oxygen species may influence on the crossroads of stemness, senescence, and carcinogenesis in a cell via the roles of APRO family proteins
    Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) may cause oxidative stress which is involved in aging and in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Whereas unregulated levels of the ROS may be harmful, regulated basal level of ROS is [...] Read more.
    Yuka Ikeda ... Satoru Matsuda
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Med. 2021;2:443–454
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2021.00062
    View:5782
    Download:2080