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    RNA World in Health and Disease

    Guest Editors

    Dr. Marco Ragusa E-Mail

    Professor, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy

    Research Keywords: miRNAs; cancer; non-coding RNAs; incRNA; circRNA; neurobiology; computation biology


    Dr. Cristina Barbagallo E-Mail

    Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy

    Research Keywords: microRNAs; non-coding RNAs; long non-coding RNAs; transcriptomic


    About the Special Issue

    For many years, proteins were considered the main determining factors for the functioning of cells and organisms, and their dysfunctions were considered as the primary cause of pathologies. This protein-centred view has been predominant in biology and biomedicine, but it was too simplistic to explain the complexity of the cell and the elusiveness of complex diseases. Today, it is well known that about 80% of our genome is dynamically and pervasively transcribed, mostly as non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). NcRNAs (e.g., miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs) can bind DNA and proteins, interact with and regulate each other through various molecular mechanisms, generating a complex network of RNA-RNA competitive interactions that modulate the physiological functioning of canonical protein-coding pathways. NcRNAs constitute multiple control layers above classically known coding layers in cells by modulating chromatin architecture, gene transcription, RNA processing, stability, and translation. Accordingly, their molecular dysregulations are strongly involved in the onset and progression of many pathologies, including cancers and degenerative diseases. The discovery of the critical role of ncRNAs in the cell's physio-pathology has shed new light on understanding the molecular bases of complex diseases. Moreover, an impressive number of studies have shown that ncRNAs are secreted by cells into biological fluids (e.g., serum or plasma) as signals for other cells through a hormone-like signaling mechanism. The evidence that different pathological conditions specifically alter these RNA-based signals in the extracellular environment paves the way for exploiting ncRNA dosage in biological fluids for diagnostic or prognostic purposes.

    This Special Issue of Exploration of Medicine will encompass new research articles and reviews on the role of cellular and extracellular ncRNAs in physio-pathological conditions and their potential applications, diagnostics, and therapy.

    Keywords: miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, epigenetics, extracellular vesicles, cancers, degenerative diseases

    Published Articles

    Open Access
    Original Article
    Bioinformatics evaluation of the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA axis in cervical squamous cell carcinoma
    Aim: Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) is a highly prevalent women’s gynecologic disease. Because the specific mechanisms associated with the illness are still mostly unclear, more invest [...] Read more.
    Murat KAYA
    Published: August 01, 2024 Explor Med. 2024;5:553–565
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2024.00239
    View:1527
    Download:39
    Open Access
    Review
    The coevolution of Covid-19 and host immunity
    The dynamic of the virus-host interaction is subject to constant evolution, which makes it difficult to predict when the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will become endemic. Vaccines in conjunction with efforts [...] Read more.
    Azizul Haque, Anudeep B. Pant
    Published: April 08, 2024 Explor Med. 2024;5:167–184
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2024.00214
    View:3715
    Download:45
    Open Access
    Review
    Self-replicating RNA viruses in vaccine development
    Self-replicating RNA viruses such as alphaviruses, flaviviruses, paramyxoviruses, and rhabdoviruses have been engineered as expression vectors for vaccine development. The prominent feature of self- [...] Read more.
    Kenneth Lundstrom
    Published: October 10, 2023 Explor Med. 2023;4:670–687
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00168
    View:2161
    Download:46
    Times Cited: 0
    Open Access
    Review
    RNA-RNA competitive interactions: a molecular civil war ruling cell physiology and diseases
    The idea that proteins are the main determining factors in the functioning of cells and organisms, and their dysfunctions are the first cause of pathologies, has been predominant in biology and biom [...] Read more.
    Cristina Barbagallo ... Marco Ragusa
    Published: August 31, 2023 Explor Med. 2023;4:504–540
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00159
    View:3274
    Download:33
    Open Access
    Commentary
    m6 RNA methylation: an emerging common target in the immune response to cancer and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection
    m6A RNA methylation, a predominant type of RNA modification, is involved in regulating mRNA splicing, stability, and translation as well as the interaction between nucleoproteins and noncoding RNAs. [...] Read more.
    Hiromichi Sato ... Hideshi Ishii
    Published: February 28, 2023 Explor Med. 2023;4:107–114
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2023.00127
    View:2385
    Download:52