Even with continued advances in the development of new vaccines and medicines, different and emerging infectious diseases continue to challenge global health. In addition to the multifactorial causes involved in this complex and serious public health problem, such diseases continue to represent a substantial burden on health systems worldwide, both in terms of prevention and required treatment. In this context, the difficulties are varied and range from the challenge of achieving satisfactory vaccination coverage rates to issues related to early diagnosis and access to appropriate treatment (when available). Given this, new and relevant scientific discoveries could be useful both for guiding potential new public health policies and for providing better case management. Thus, this special issue aims to publish manuscripts that provide a greater understanding and knowledge about the specificities of different emerging infectious diseases, as well as about related vaccines/medicines.

Manuscripts considered include, but are not limited to, original articles, reviews, and commentaries addressing:

• discoveries on clinical, epidemiological and/or molecular characteristics, and other peculiarities related to emerging infectious diseases;

• new findings or insights on vaccines and/or medicines of interest;

• opinions, discussions and/or updates regarding emerging infectious diseases.

Keywords: Emerging diseases, vaccines, public health