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Open Exploration

As an open access journal publisher, we provide an open platform where professionals can share their explorations of specific subjects, and everyone can enjoy unrestricted access to the knowledge. We persist in disseminating high quality content rapidly, widely and freely.

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  • Featured Articles
    Open Access
    Review
    Therapeutic potential of the cannabinoid receptor 2 in neuropsychiatry
    Since the identification and cloning of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R), several studies focused on the characterization of its physiological and pathological role. Initially, CB2R was considered  [...] Read more.
    María S. García-Gutiérrez ... Jorge Manzanares
    Published: August 05, 2021 Explor Neuroprot Ther. 2021;1:55–71
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ent.2021.00006
    View:2635
    Download:178
    Open Access
    Review
    Striking a balance: PIP2 and PIP3 signaling in neuronal health and disease
    Phosphoinositides are membrane phospholipids involved in a variety of cellular processes like growth, development, metabolism, and transport. This review focuses on the maintenance of cellular homeo [...] Read more.
    Kamran Tariq, Bryan W. Luikart
    Published: October 29, 2021 Explor Neuroprot Ther. 2021;1:86–110
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ent.2021.00008
    This article belongs to the special issue Cholesterol Dyshomeostasis in Neurological Diseases
    View:3003
    Download:195
    Open Access
    Review
    Balancing cholesterol in the brain: from synthesis to disposal
    The cholesterol is a vital component of cell membranes and myelin sheaths, and a precursor for essential molecules such as steroid hormones. In humans, cholesterol is partially obtained through the  [...] Read more.
    Lydia Qian ... Andrew J. Brown
    Published: January 05, 2022 Explor Neuroprot Ther. 2022;2:1–27
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ent.2022.00015
    This article belongs to the special issue Cholesterol Dyshomeostasis in Neurological Diseases
    View:3077
    Download:202
    Open Access
    Perspective
    Gut microbiota could modulate the effects of neuro-immune responses and memory traces via the gut-brain-immune axis in schizophrenia
    Altered immunity may have destructive consequences for the integrated central nervous system. This immune response often affects progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and/or psychiatric disorders suc [...] Read more.
    Haruka Sawamura ... Satoru Matsuda
    Published: April 24, 2022 Explor Neuroprot Ther. 2022;2:74–86
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ent.2022.00019
    This article belongs to the special issue Intervention of Neuroimmune Responses
    View:3434
    Download:985
    Open Access
    Review
    Extracellular vesicles in metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease: mechanisms, diagnostic and therapeutic implications
    The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is increasing rapidly worldwide due to the obesity epidemic. Advanced stages of the MAFLD, such as non-alcoholic steato [...] Read more.
    Zongmei Wu ... Han Moshage
    Published: July 13, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. 2022;1:4–20
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/edd.2022.00002
    View:1088
    Download:45
    Times Cited: 0
    Open Access
    Review
    Tumor immune microenvironment modulation by cholesterol in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered one of the most aggressive tumors worldwide. The consumption of lipid-enriched diets, mainly high cholesterol, induces oxidative stress and chronic infla [...] Read more.
    Alejandro Escobedo-Calvario ... María Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruíz
    Published: July 29, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. 2022;1:21–39
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/edd.2022.00003
    View:1276
    Download:55
    Open Access
    Original Article
    The hepatocyte growth factor induces an anti-inflammatory and repairing response in the cholestasis-induced colon damage
    Aim: Cholestasis remains a partially characterized disease. Evidence has been gained that it is a systemic disease that begins in the liver but significantly impacts other organs and systems such [...] Read more.
    Jocelyn López-Ramirez ... Leticia Bucio-Ortiz
    Published: August 11, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. 2022;1:40–50
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/edd.2022.00004
    View:983
    Download:42
    Times Cited: 0
    Open Access
    Review
    Fructose, a trigger of metabolic diseases?—a narrative review
    Worldwide the number of individuals being overweight or obese has dramatically increased during the last decades, which is also associated with a similar dramatic increase of individuals afflicted w [...] Read more.
    Anja Baumann ... Ina Bergheim
    Published: August 29, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. 2022;1:51–71
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/edd.2022.00005
    View:1337
    Download:57
    Times Cited: 0
    Open Access
    Review
    The role of interleukin-24 in atopic dermatitis
    Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by skin barrier disruption, type 2 immune dysregulation, chronic pruritus, and abnormal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Tapinarof, an aryl  [...] Read more.
    Yen Hai Vu ... Gaku Tsuji
    Published: April 30, 2021 Explor Immunol. 2021;1:4–15
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2021.00002
    This article belongs to the special issue Cross Talk Among Skin Cells and Immune Cells
    View:4194
    Download:173
    Times Cited: 0
    Open Access
    Review
    Immunology of biodegradable nanoparticles: a brief overview on a wide growing field
    Immunity is continuously evolving by evolutionary mechanisms shaped by pathogenic stimuli of different kinds. Man-made nanomaterials (NMs) have been developed in the last decades and represent a nov [...] Read more.
    Anissa Pisani, Giuseppe Bardi
    Published: April 30, 2021 Explor Immunol. 2021;1:48–60
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2021.00006
    View:2855
    Download:166
    Open Access
    Review
    Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and immune system: clinical applications in immune-related diseases
    Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a mesodermal stem cell population, with known self-renewal and multilineage differentiation properties. In the last century, MSCs have been widely used in regene [...] Read more.
    Panagiotis Mallis ... Catherine Stavropoulos Giokas
    Published: June 30, 2021 Explor Immunol. 2021;1:112–139
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2021.00010
    View:2407
    Download:73
    Open Access
    Review
    Skin and immune cells crosstalk via circadian regulations
    Both innate and adaptive immune cells exist in the skin, predominantly in the dermis layer. Recent studies have focused on how and which circadian rhythms contribute to maintain good health. Over re [...] Read more.
    Kanami Orihara
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Immunol. 2021;1:285–294
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2021.00019
    This article belongs to the special issue Cross Talk Among Skin Cells and Immune Cells
    View:1488
    Download:107
    Open Access
    Review
    The impact of tumour pH on cancer progression: strategies for clinical intervention
    Dysregulation of cellular pH is frequent in solid tumours and provides potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention. The acidic microenvironment within a tumour can promote migration, invasi [...] Read more.
    Carol Ward ... Simon P Langdon
    Published: April 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. 2020;1:71–100
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/etat.2020.00005
    View:11601
    Download:594
    Open Access
    Review
    Current strategies for the design of PROTAC linkers: a critical review
    PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are heterobifunctional molecules consisting of two ligands; an “anchor” to bind to an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a “warhead”  [...] Read more.
    Robert I. Troup ... Matthias G. J. Baud
    Published: October 30, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. 2020;1:273–312
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/etat.2020.00018
    This article belongs to the special issue Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC)
    View:17601
    Download:2456
    Open Access
    Review
    Role of estrogen receptor coregulators in endocrine resistant breast cancer
    Breast cancer (BC) is the most ubiquitous cancer in women. Approximately 70–80% of BC diagnoses are positive for estrogen receptor (ER) alpha (ERα). The steroid ho [...] Read more.
    Kristin A. Altwegg, Ratna K. Vadlamudi
    Published: August 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. 2021;2:385–400
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/etat.2021.00052
    This article belongs to the special issue Endocrine Resistant Breast Cancer
    View:2246
    Download:91
    Open Access
    Review
    Current options and future directions of systemic therapy for advanced biliary tract cancer
    Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are aggressive tumors arising from different portions of the biliary tree and classified according to the anatomical location in intrahepatic (i) cholangiocarcinoma (CCA [...] Read more.
    Maria Giuseppina Prete ... Lorenza Rimassa
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. 2021;2:416–433
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/etat.2021.00054
    This article belongs to the special issue Precision Medicine for Cholangiocarcinoma
    View:1911
    Download:75
    Times Cited: 0
    Open Access
    Review
    Sex differences in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: hints for future management of the disease
    Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Despite extensive studies, the heterogeneity of the risk factors as well as different disease mechanisms complicate the goals towa [...] Read more.
    Noel C. Salvoza ... Natalia Rosso
    Published: April 30, 2020 Explor Med. 2020;1:51–74
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2020.00005
    This article belongs to the special issue Exploring NAFLD/NASH
    View:7938
    Download:184
    Open Access
    Review
    Perspectives of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease research: a personal point of view
    Rational government of patient fluxes from primary care to hepatology clinic is a priority of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) research. Estimating pre-test probability of disease, risk of fibrosis progression, and exclusi [...] Read more.
    Amedeo Lonardo, Stefano Ballestri
    Published: June 29, 2020 Explor Med. 2020;1:85–107
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2020.00007
    This article belongs to the special issue Exploring NAFLD/NASH
    View:4360
    Download:110
    Open Access
    Review
    Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and portal hypertension
    Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a substantial and growing problem worldwide and has become the second most common indication for liver transplantation as it may progress to cirrhosis and develop complications from port [...] Read more.
    Marvin Ryou ... Gyorgy Baffy
    Published: June 29, 2020 Explor Med. 2020;1:149–169
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2020.00011
    This article belongs to the special issue Exploring NAFLD/NASH
    Open Access
    Review
    Angiotensin-(1-7) and Mas receptor in the brain
    The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a key regulator of blood pressure and electrolyte homeostasis. Besides its importance as regulator of the cardiovascular function, the RAS has also been associated to the modulation of higher  [...] Read more.
    Natalia L. Rukavina Mikusic ... Mariela M. Gironacci
    Published: June 30, 2021 Explor Med. 2021;2:268–293
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/emed.2021.00046
    This article belongs to the special issue Angiotensins—A Century of Progress
    View:2684
    Download:177