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    Liver metastatic colonization by invasive cancer cells: a review of potential biomarkers with mitochondrial involvement
    The liver, characterized by a unique metabolic and immunosuppressive environment, is also the organ to which invasive malignant cells of many different cancer types most frequently metastasize. The ...
    Daniel L. Pouliquen
    Published: March 22, 2024 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2024.00040
    Viewed:78
    Downloaded:7
    Open Access
    Review
    The central role of mitochondrial metabolism in hepatic steatosis
    Mitochondria are present in all mammalian cells except matured red blood cells. Mitochondria consist of several metabolic pathways for glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, and bioenergetic pathways fo...
    Sanda Win ... Filbert Win Min Aung
    Published: February 29, 2024 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2024.00039
    Viewed:329
    Downloaded:13
    Open Access
    Review
    SERPINB3 in fibrogenic chronic liver diseases and primary liver cancers
    Chronic liver diseases (CLDs), which are typically characterized by fibrogenic progression towards liver cirrhosis and related complications eventually leading to organ failure and can also lead to ...
    Patrizia Pontisso, Maurizio Parola
    Published: February 28, 2024 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2024.00038
    Viewed:141
    Downloaded:7
    Open Access
    Review
    Bile as a liquid biopsy matrix: potential applications and limitations
    Hunting for tumoral material in body fluids, traditionally in blood, the so-called liquid biopsy is set to revolutionize the diagnosis and management of oncological patients. However, other biofluid...
    Maria Arechederra ... Carmen Berasain
    Published: February 04, 2024 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2024.00037
    Viewed:236
    Downloaded:11
    Open Access
    Editorial
    Precision medicine in chemotherapy: Is there room for advancement in colorectal cancer?
    Michele Ghidini
    Published: January 18, 2024 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2024.00036
    Viewed:195
    Downloaded:5
    Open Access
    Correction
    Correction: Familial achalasia isolated or syndromic: about 18 families
    Editorial Office
    Published: January 11, 2024 Explor Dig Dis DOI: 10.37349/edd.2024.00035
    Viewed:165
    Downloaded:7
    Open Access
    Original Article
    The significance of chronic hyperglycemia for the reduced efficacy of eradication therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and for Helicobacter pylori survival
    Aim: This study aims to determine the significance of chronic hyperglycemia for the reduced efficacy of eradication therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Helicobacter pylor...
    Luiza Gilmanovna Bektemirova ... Vasiliy Ivanovich Reshetnyak
    Published: December 27, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00033
    Viewed:257
    Downloaded:8
    Open Access
    Review
    Deciphering the liver enigma: distinguishing drug-induced liver injury and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease—a comprehensive narrative review
    Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) poses a complex and heterogeneous clinical challenge, which often resembles non-drug related acute or chronic liver diseases, such as metabolic dysfunction-associate...
    Miren García-Cortés ... Alberto García-García
    Published: December 27, 2023 Explor Dig Dis DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00034
    Viewed:377
    Downloaded:19
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Impact of the direct acting antivirals on chronic hepatitis C prevalence on the Swiss organ transplantation list: a retrospective analysis
    Aim: In Switzerland, the first access to interferon-free direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment was in 2014. This study aimed to analyze the effects of DAAs on the ...
    Luis Falcato ... Franz Immer
    Published: December 25, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00032
    Viewed:284
    Downloaded:17
    Open Access
    Review
    Therapeutic targets for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and their roles in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. Over time, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of MASLD. It has...
    Chenyu Wei ... Xianguang Yang
    Published: December 13, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00031
    Viewed:632
    Downloaded:19
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Familial achalasia isolated or syndromic: about 18 families
    Aim: Familial achalasia (FA) is a very rare condition. This work aims to evaluate its prevalence, characterize its clinical profile in a large series, and assess the efficacy and safety of pneuma...
    Amar Tebaibia ... Nadia Oumnia
    Published: October 26, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00030
    Viewed:748
    Downloaded:22
    Open Access
    Review
    Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide, with a progressive form of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It may progress to advanced liver diseases,...
    Chunye Zhang ... Ming Yang
    Published: October 25, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00029
    Viewed:896
    Downloaded:35
    Open Access
    Review
    Interplay of autophagy, apoptosis, and senescence in primary biliary cholangitis
    The pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is particularly complicated as both intrinsic and extrinsic factors are implicated. Several forms of cellular death, both programmable and non-p...
    Elias Kouroumalis ... Argyro Voumvouraki
    Published: October 16, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00028
    Viewed:462
    Downloaded:16
    Open Access
    Review
    Drug-induced cholestasis: causative agents and challenges in diagnosis and management
    Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an adverse reaction to drugs and other xenobiotics that can have serious consequences and jeopardise progress in pharmacological therapy. While DILI is predominan...
    Jose M. Pinazo-Bandera ... Miren García-Cortés
    Published: September 18, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00027
    Viewed:719
    Downloaded:34
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Human liver stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles modulate long non-coding RNA expression profile in an in vivo model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    Aim: Modifications in long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression are associated with inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver diseases. It has been recently demonstrated that human liver stem cell...
    Giulia Chiabotto ... Stefania Bruno
    Published: August 30, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00025
    Viewed:619
    Downloaded:38
    Open Access
    Review
    Principles of risk stratification in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A narrative review emphasizing non-invasive strategies
    Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an umbrella definition that describes the ectopic deposition of fat within the liver that occurs in the absence of inciting factors other than the metabol...
    Amedeo Lonardo
    Published: August 30, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00026
    Viewed:762
    Downloaded:33
    Open Access
    Review
    Pathophysiology of biochemical signs of primary biliary cholangitis
    Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis, is a rare chronic autoimmune cholestatic liver disease, affecting mostly females. With PBС develops chronic cholang...
    Vasiliy Ivanovich Reshetnyak, Igor Veniaminovich Maev
    Published: August 27, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00024
    Viewed:509
    Downloaded:21
    Open Access
    Review
    Ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease—What are the proposed mechanisms?
    A high consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) is a hallmark of Western diets that has been related to increased risk of non-communicable diseases. As an underlying mechanism, UPF may promote non-...
    Franziska A. Hägele ... Anja Bosy-Westphal
    Published: August 24, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00023
    Viewed:490
    Downloaded:23
    Open Access
    Review
    Alcohol-related liver disease: also a question of what you drink?
    Excessive alcohol intake is still among the leading causes of chronic liver diseases. Epidemiological studies suggest that per capita consumption of alcohol from various alcohol beverages e.g., beer...
    Finn Jung ... Ina Bergheim
    Published: June 30, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00022
    Viewed:732
    Downloaded:45
    Open Access
    Original Article
    An analysis on the clinical features and risk factors associated with the prognosis of patients with drug-induced liver injury
    Aim: This is a Chinese population-based study aimed to determine the causes and clinical features of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and current Western m...
    Qian Wei ... Jinsheng Guo
    Published: June 30, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00021
    Viewed:564
    Downloaded:40
    Open Access
    Review
    Role of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in drug-induced liver injury
    The pathogenesis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is still in an early stage of research. However, investigators have shown that both oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress play a...
    Hanghang Wu ... Francisco Javier Cubero
    Published: June 28, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00020
    Viewed:1413
    Downloaded:42
    Open Access
    Review
    Liver injury related to Japanese herbal medicines: clinical features and diagnosis
    The word “Kampo medicine” means the traditional Japanese herbal medicine. Even “natural herb” can cause drug-induced liver injury (DILI). In this review, the characteristics of Kampo medicin...
    Naoki Mantani
    Published: June 27, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00019
    Viewed:484
    Downloaded:12
    Open Access
    Review
    Zebrafish as a model for drug induced liver injury: state of the art and beyond
    Zebrafish as a preclinical drug induced liver injury (DILI) model provides multiple advantages ranging from ease of breeding and maintenance, availability of different strains and transgenic fish am...
    Gulcin Cakan-Akdogan ... Ozlen Konu
    Published: April 26, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00017
    Viewed:1241
    Downloaded:66
    Open Access
    Review
    Immunophenotyping to improve the mechanistic understanding of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury: clinical implications and future directions
    The late event onset of a fraction of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) cases and the link observed by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of certain human leucocyte antigen (HLA) a...
    Alejandro Cueto-Sánchez ... Marina Villanueva-Paz
    Published: April 26, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00018
    Viewed:1040
    Downloaded:58
    Open Access
    Case Report
    Diagnostic workup of suspected hereditary cholestasis in adults: a case report
    Hereditary cholestasis comprises a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes of varying severity. Severe forms such as progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) mostly affect children with di...
    Carola Dröge ... Verena Keitel
    Published: April 21, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00016
    Viewed:826
    Downloaded:40
    Open Access
    Review
    Monitoring the hepatobiliary function using image techniques and labeled cholephilic compounds
    Evaluation of the hepatobiliary function is critical for the clinicians, not only for the diagnosis of a large variety of liver diseases but also in the follow-up and management of some patients, for instance, those with different degrees of cholestasis suffering from a drug-induced liver injury (DILI) or scheduled for liver resection. Currently, the determination of global liver function mainly relies on laboratory tests, clinical scores, and data from images obtained with ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance. Nuclear medicine scanning, displaying either planar or three-dimensional spatial distribution of liver function, is enhanced when using hepatotropic tracers based on classical radioisotopes such as technetium-99m (99mTc) and with higher resolution using metabolized probes such as those based on monosaccharide derivatives labeled with 18F. Other cholephilic compounds, and hence selectively secreted into bile, have been proposed to visualize the correct function of the liver parenchyma and the associated secretory machinery. This review aims to summarize the state-of-the-art regarding the techniques and chemical probes available to monitor liver and gallbladder function, in some cases based on imaging techniques reflecting the dynamic of labeled cholephilic compounds....
    Beatriz Sanchez de Blas ... Marta R. Romero
    Published: February 28, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00015
    Viewed:695
    Downloaded:34
    Open Access
    Editorial
    Extra-hepatic cancers in metabolic fatty liver syndromes
    Amedeo Lonardo
    Published: February 24, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00014
    Viewed:750
    Downloaded:29
    Open Access
    Review
    Lysosomal hydrolases, from waste-bags effectors to essential multipurpose enzymes in liver fibrosis
    Lysosomal hydrolases were once considered effectors of the waste disposal system of the cell, the endo-lysosomal system. However, they are now recognized as highly selective enzymes, which can modul...
    María Fernández-Fernández ... Anna Moles
    Published: February 22, 2023 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2023.00013
    Viewed:570
    Downloaded:28
    Open Access
    Review
    The bile acid receptor TGR5 and cholestasis
    Metabolic zonation in the liver carries out the maintenance of organ and body homeostasis. Hypoxia is an inherent physiological feature of the liver and contributes to the zonal properties of the he...
    Grégory Merlen ... Thierry Tordjmann
    Published: December 30, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00011
    Viewed:822
    Downloaded:41
    Open Access
    Perspective
    Hypoxia signaling and cholesterol/steroidogenic acute regulatory protein 1 axis: interplay and role in alcohol and non-alcohol-related liver diseases
    Metabolic zonation in the liver carries out the maintenance of organ and body homeostasis. Hypoxia is an inherent physiological feature of the liver and contributes to the zonal properties of the he...
    Sandra Torres ... Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
    Published: December 30, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00012
    Viewed:657
    Downloaded:41
    Open Access
    Review
    Cholestasis associated to inborn errors in bile acid synthesis
    Several metabolic pathways are involved in the biotransformation of C27 neutral cholesterol to C24 primary bile acids (BAs), mainly cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), which are then conjugated with glycine or taurine. This process can start with the modification of the steroid ring or the shortening of the side chain and involves enzymes present in different subcellular compartments. Inborn errors affecting the biogenesis of organelles, such as peroxisomes, or the expression or function of specific enzymes of these convergent routes result in: i) the lack of mature C24-BAs, with the subsequent impairment in digestion and absorption of dietary fat and liposoluble vitamins, such as vitamin K, which may account for a deficient hepatic synthesis of several coagulation factors; ii) the accumulation of intermediate metabolites, which may affect hepatocyte physiology, causing cholestasis as a commonly shared alteration besides other deleterious hepatic events; and iii) extrahepatic clinical manifestations due to accumulation of toxic metabolites in other territories, such as the nervous system, causing neurological disorders. In general, diseases whose primary alteration is a genetic defect in BA synthesis are diagnosed in children or young individuals with a very low incidence. The symptomatology can markedly vary among individuals, ranging from mild to severe conditions. Oral therapy, based on the enrichment of the BA pool with natural C24-BAs, such as CA, CDCA, glyco-CA, or ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), depending on the exact deficiency causing the disease, may be beneficial in preventing life-threatening situations. In contrast, in other cases, a liver transplant is the only option for these patients. This review describes the updated information on the genetic and molecular bases of these diseases and the current approaches to achieve a selective diagnosis and specific treatment....
    Ricardo Espinosa-Escudero ... Maria J. Monte
    Published: December 7, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00010
    Viewed:907
    Downloaded:42
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Probiotic human alcohol dehydrogenase-4 expressing bacteria protects from diet-induced obesity and metabolic impairment: a new concept of disease prevention
    Aim: Probiotic bacteria consumption for improving human health and for disease prevention is still controversial. There is a need to develop functional probiotic bacteria with proven efficacy for...
    Rajnish Prakash Singh ... Zvi Hayouka
    Published: October 31, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00009
    Viewed:943
    Downloaded:38
    Open Access
    Review
    Caspase-2 in liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma
    Caspases are key factors in the regulation of the apoptotic and/or inflammatory responses, both crucial in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. Caspase-2 is the most evolutionary conserved albeit f...
    Amaya Lopez-Pascual ... Maite G. Fernández-Barrena
    Published: October 31, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00007
    Viewed:882
    Downloaded:29
    Open Access
    Review
    Etiopathogenesis and pathophysiology of cholestasis
    Normal hepatobiliary function depends on an adequate bile flow from the liver through the biliary tree to the gallbladder, where bile is stored and concentrated, and from the gallbladder to the duod...
    Maitane Asensio ... Jose J. G. Marin
    Published: October 31, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00008
    Viewed:1845
    Downloaded:92
    Open Access
    Perspective
    The intermicrovillar adhesion complex in gut barrier function and inflammation
    The surface of intestinal epithelial cells is covered by the brush border, which consists of densely packed cellular extrusions called microvilli. Until recently, microvilli have not been known to b...
    Bernadette Mödl ... Robert Eferl
    Published: October 11, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00006
    Viewed:1100
    Downloaded:42
    Open Access
    Review
    Fructose, a trigger of metabolic diseases?—a narrative review
    Worldwide the number of individuals being overweight or obese has dramatically increased during the last decades, which is also associated with a similar dramatic increase of individuals afflicted w...
    Anja Baumann ... Ina Bergheim
    Published: August 29, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00005
    Viewed:2598
    Downloaded:85
    Open Access
    Original Article
    The hepatocyte growth factor induces an anti-inflammatory and repairing response in the cholestasis-induced colon damage
    Aim: Cholestasis remains a partially characterized disease. Evidence has been gained that it is a systemic disease that begins in the liver but significantly impacts other organs and systems such...
    Jocelyn López-Ramirez ... Leticia Bucio-Ortiz
    Published: August 11, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00004
    Viewed:1894
    Downloaded:55
    Open Access
    Review
    Tumor immune microenvironment modulation by cholesterol in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered one of the most aggressive tumors worldwide. The consumption of lipid-enriched diets, mainly high cholesterol, induces oxidative stress and chronic infla...
    Alejandro Escobedo-Calvario ... María Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruíz
    Published: July 29, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00003
    Viewed:2496
    Downloaded:75
    Open Access
    Review
    Extracellular vesicles in metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease: mechanisms, diagnostic and therapeutic implications
    The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is increasing rapidly worldwide due to the obesity epidemic. Advanced stages of the MAFLD, such as non-alcoholic steato...
    Zongmei Wu ... Han Moshage
    Published: July 13, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00002
    Viewed:1973
    Downloaded:58
    Open Access
    Editorial
    Exploration of Digestive Diseases, where discovery and communication meet
    Jose C. Fernandez-Checa
    Published: July 01, 2022 Explor Dig Dis. DOI: 10.37349/edd.2022.00001
    Viewed:1382
    Downloaded:41