Exploration of Immunology

Open Access Review

Immunomodulation: scope and limitations in promoting diabetic foot ulcer healing

Vikrant Rai

Published: September 23, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003269

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003269

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Open Access Review

COVID-19, immunity, and vaccination: unravelling the interplay of sex, gender, age, and the exposome

Anna Calabrò ... Calogero Caruso

Published: September 22, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003268

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003268

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163 10 0

Open Access Original Article

Diagnostic performance and cutoff optimisation of the CTD Screen assay for ANA detection compared with HEp-2 IFA

Abhilash Krishnan ... Ranjana W. Minz

Published: September 19, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003267

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003267

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240 13 0

Open Access Original Article

Exploring the association between human cytomegalovirus, immunological and biochemical parameters in Iraqi women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Sura O. Yousif ... Jaleel Samanje

Published: September 15, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003266

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003266

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191 18 0

Open Access Commentary

Exercise, leptin, and natural killer cells: a missing link in obesity-related immune dysregulation

Jihen Khalfoun ... Hassane Zouhal

Published: August 26, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003265

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003265

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590 26 0

Open Access Review

Vitamin B12 as an immunometabolic regulator: bridging one-carbon metabolism, mitochondrial function and immunity

Emmanuel Andrès ... Thierry Lavigne

Published: August 26, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003264

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003264

This article belongs to the special issue The Nutritional Influence on Immune Functionality

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Open Access Perspective

Isthmin-1 as a novel adipokine: a potential target for exercise-induced metabolic modulation in obesity

Arina Rostami ... Hassane Zouhal

Published: August 19, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003263

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003263

This article belongs to the special issue Physical Activity and Immune System in Chronic Diseases: Mechanisms and Insights

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697 27 0

Open Access Review

Human γδ T cells in colorectal carcinoma: friends or foes

Alessandro Poggi

Published: August 09, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003262

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003262

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1080 25 0

Open Access Review

Cellular state transitions in neuroimmune disorders

Moawiah M. Naffaa

Published: August 04, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003261

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003261

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881 24 0

Open Access Review

Vaccine efficacy—the biggest challenge today

Kenneth Lundstrom

Published: July 20, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003260

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003260

This article belongs to the special issue Old and New Paradigms in Viral Vaccinology

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Open Access Review

Tertiary lymphoid structures: protective mechanisms or potential pathogenic roles?

Ian M Mbano ... Muazzam Jacobs

Published: July 16, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003259

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003259

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1338 45 0

Open Access Original Article

Association of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR7 gene polymorphisms with spontaneous abortion and HCMV serostatus: a case-control study in Iraqi women

Nedhal Mahmuod Khaleefah ... Asmaa Kadhim Gatea

Published: July 06, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003258

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003258

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1144 26 0

Open Access Original Article

Potential molecular mimicry of proteins involved in atherogenesis and/or vasculitides with coronavirus antigens

Leonid P. Churilov ... Muslimbek G. Normatov

Published: July 01, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003257

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003257

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1044 33 0

Open Access Original Article

Determination of CD39 and CD73 expression together with their serum soluble levels in bronchial asthma

Amany G. Thabit ... Yousra Ezzat

Published: June 16, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003256

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003256

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Open Access Review

Epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in autoimmune rheumatology: toward immune tolerance reprogramming

Ola A Al-Ewaidat, Moawiah M Naffaa

Published: May 29, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003255

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003255

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1223 29 0

Open Access Review

Is neuroinflammation the common thread in chronic pain? Recent advances and implications of the role of glial cells

Silvia Natoli ... Maurizio Marchesini

Published: May 27, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003254

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003254

This article belongs to the special issue Immunology and Pain

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Open Access Perspective

Does exercise enhance maresin-1 production? A new direction in metabolic anti-inflammatory research

Mehran Alipour ... Hassane Zouhal

Published: May 09, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003253

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003253

This article belongs to the special issue Physical Activity and Immune System in Chronic Diseases: Mechanisms and Insights

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2002 54 0

Open Access Original Article

Exploratory proteomic and bioinformatics analysis unveils epitope pairing between IGHV3-64 and K-Ras for polyclonal drug conjugation in colorectal cancer

Raajesh Anand ... Ravikumar Sambandam

Published: May 07, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003252

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003252

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Open Access Review

Balancing analgesia and immunity: revisiting the immune consequences of opioid therapy

Lucia Daiana Voiculescu ... Sanjay Menghani

Published: April 28, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003251

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003251

This article belongs to the special issue Immunology and Pain

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2781 44 1

Open Access Original Article

C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as mortality predictors in elderly women with pneumonia

Irawaty Djaharuddin ... Demak Lumban Tobing

Published: April 23, 2026 Explor Immunol. 2026;6:1003250

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37349/ei.2026.1003250

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