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    Review
    Diagnostic value of liquid biopsy in the era of precision medicine: 10 years of clinical evidence in cancer
    Liquid biopsy is a diagnostic repeatable test, which in last years has emerged as a powerful tool for profiling cancer genomes in real-time with minimal invasiveness and tailoring oncological decisi...
    Vincenza Caputo ... Stefania Napolitano
    Published: February 28, 2023 Explor Target Antitumor Ther DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00125
    Viewed:263
    Downloaded:13
    Open Access
    Review
    Research progress in molecular pathology markers in medulloblastoma
    Glioblastoma is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor. Despite a century of research efforts, the survival of patients has not significantly improved. Currently, diagnosis is based on ne...
    Zixuan Zhou ... Shangfeng Gao
    Published: February 28, 2023 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00126
    Viewed:172
    Downloaded:14
    Open Access
    Review
    Artificial intelligence applications in pediatric oncology diagnosis
    Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been applied in abundant medical tasks with high accuracy and efficiency. Physicians can improve their diagnostic efficiency with the assistance of AI techniques for improving the subsequent personalized treatment and surveillance. AI algorithms fundamentally capture data, identify underlying patterns, achieve preset endpoints, and provide decisions and predictions about real-world events with working principles of machine learning and deep learning. AI algorithms with sufficient graphic processing unit power have been demonstrated to provide timely diagnostic references based on preliminary training of large amounts of clinical and imaging data. The sample size issue is an inevitable challenge for pediatric oncology considering its low morbidity and individual heterogeneity. However, this problem may be solved in the near future considering the exponential advancements of AI algorithms technically to decrease the dependence of AI operation on the amount of data sets and the efficiency of computing power. For instance, it could be a feasible solution by shifting convolutional neural networks (CNNs) from adults and sharing CNN algorithms across multiple institutions besides original data. The present review provides important insights into emerging AI applications for the diagnosis of pediatric oncology by systematically overviewing of up-to-date literature....
    Yuhan Yang ... Yuan Li
    Published: February 28, 2023 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00127
    Viewed:174
    Downloaded:15
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Enhancement of reactive oxygen species production in triple negative breast cancer cells treated with electric pulses and resveratrol
    Aim: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is difficult to treat since it lacks all the three most commonly targeted hormone receptors. Patients afflicted with TNBC are treated with platinum core ...
    Pragatheiswar Giri ... Raji Sundararajan
    Published: February 28, 2023 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00122
    Viewed:153
    Downloaded:11
    Open Access
    Systematic Review
    Crude extract of Ficus deltoidea Jack (FD) as a natural biological therapy
    Aim: This study shows how important it is to coordinate research on Ficus deltoidea Jack (FD) so that results from different sources can be compared directly and a scientific conclusion can be made. Methods: The author looked for research papers on Ficus (F.) deltoidea on Google Scholar, Science Direct, Google.com, Wiley, PubMed, Hindawi, Springer, and other related databases. This analysis excludes data that cannot be trusted, thesis papers, and review articles about F. deltoidea. Results: In traditional medicine, the plant’s leaves and syconia are used to cure a wide variety of ailments, including itchiness, diarrhoea, cancer, sexual dysfunction, age-related issues, malaria, cancer, anxiety, pain, constipation, fever, diabetes, tooth pain, and tooth decay. In vitro and in vivo studies showed the effectiveness of the leaves against cancer cell lines. Conclusions: Based on the existing research on the health benefits of FD, it is critical to focus on its more active constituents and their identification, determination, further development, and, most importantly, standardization of the leaves for the management and treatment of cancer and its related cases. More research is needed before it can be considered a promising herbal source of novel medication candidates for treating various disorders....
    Mahmoud Dogara Abdulrahman
    Published: February 28, 2023 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00123
    Viewed:175
    Downloaded:4
    Open Access
    Review
    Macrophages as potential targets in gene therapy for cancer treatment
    Macrophages, as ubiquitous and functionally diverse immune cells, play a central role in innate immunity and initiate adaptive immunity. Especially, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial c...
    Yuanzheng Huang ... Xiaoxuan Liu
    Published: February 28, 2023 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00124
    Viewed:167
    Downloaded:13
    Open Access
    Review
    Liquid biopsy and glioblastoma
    Glioblastoma is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor. Despite a century of research efforts, the survival of patients has not significantly improved. Currently, diagnosis is based on ne...
    Robert H. Eibl, Markus Schneemann
    Published: February 25, 2023 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00121
    Viewed:242
    Downloaded:12
    Open Access
    Perspective
    A primer on cancer-associated fibroblast mechanics and immunosuppressive ability
    Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major point of interest in modern oncology. Their interest resides in their ability to favor tumor growth without carrying genetic mutations. From a transl...
    Vanessa C. Talayero, Miguel Vicente-Manzanares
    Published: February 20, 2023 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00120
    Viewed:127
    Downloaded:15
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Artificial intelligence fusion for predicting survival of rectal cancer patients using immunohistochemical expression of Ras homolog family member B in biopsy
    Aim: The process of biomarker discovery is being accelerated with the application of artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning. Biomarkers of diseases are useful because they are i...
    Tuan D. Pham ... Xiao-Feng Sun
    Published: February 07, 2023 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00119
    Viewed:230
    Downloaded:25
    Open Access
    Review
    New phase therapeutic pursuits for targeted drug delivery in glioblastoma multiforme
    Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is known as the most aggressive and prevalent brain tumor with a high mortality rate. It is reported in people who are as young as 10 years old to as old as over 70 years old, exhibiting inter and intra tumor heterogeneity. There are several genomic and proteomic investigations that have been performed to find the unexplored potential targets of the drug against GBM. Therefore, certain effective targets have been taken to further validate the studies embarking on the robustness in the field of medicinal chemistry followed by testing in clinical trials. Also, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project has identified certain overexpressed targets involved in the pathogenesis of GBM in three major pathways, i.e., tumor protein 53 (p53), retinoblastoma (RB), and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/rat sarcoma virus (Ras)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways. This review focuses on the compilation of recent developments in the fight against GBM thus, directing future research into the elucidation of pathogenesis and potential cure for GBM. Also, it highlights the potential biomarkers that have undergone extensive research and have promising prognostic and predictive values. Additionally, this manuscript analyses the advent of gene therapy and immunotherapy, unlocking the way to consider treatment approaches other than, or in addition to, conventional chemo-radiation therapies. This review study encompasses all the relevant research studies associated with the pathophysiology, occurrence, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic intervention for GBM. It highlights the evolution of various therapeutic perspectives against GBM from the most conventional form of radiotherapy to the recent advancement of gene/cell/immune therapy. Further, the review focuses on various targeted therapies for GBM including chemotherapy sensitization, radiotherapy, nanoparticles based, immunotherapy, cell therapy, and gene therapy which would offer a comprehensive account for exploring several facets related to GBM prognostics....
    Manisha Singh ... Rachana
    Published: December 30, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00118
    Viewed:464
    Downloaded:37
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Evaluating immune response in vitro in a relevant microenvironment: a high-throughput microfluidic model for clinical screening
    Aim: Functional screening of new pharmaceutical compounds requires clinically relevant models to monitor essential cellular and immune responses during cancer progression, with or without treatment. Beyond survival, the emergence of resistant tumor cell clones should also be considered, including specific properties related to plasticity, such as invasiveness, stemness, escape from programmed cell death, and immune response. Numerous pathways are involved in these processes. Defining the relevant ones in the context of a specific tumor type will be key to designing an appropriate combination of inhibitors. However, the diversity and potential redundancy of these pathways remain a challenge for therapy. Methods: A new microfluidic device developed by Okomera was dedicated to the screening of drug treatment for breast cancer. This microchip includes 150 droplet-trapping microwells, offering multi-chip settings and multiple treatment choices. Results: After validating the system with established cell lines and a panel of drugs used clinically at Gustave Roussy, preclinical experiments were initiated including patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and primary tumor cells-derived tumoroids with the collaboration of Gustave Roussy clinicians. Tumor-isolated lymphocytes were also added to the tumoroids, using secondary droplets in proof-of-concept experiments. Conclusions: These results show the relevance of the methodology for screening large numbers of drugs, a wide range of doses, and multiple drug combinations. This methodology will be used for two purposes: 1) new drug screening from the compound library, using the high throughput potential of the chip; and 2) pre-clinical assay for a two-weeks response for personalized medicine, allowing evaluation of drug combinations to flag an optimized treatment with potential clinical application....
    Flora Doffe ... Pierre Savagner
    Published: December 29, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00117
    Viewed:295
    Downloaded:36
    Open Access
    Commentary
    De novo cholesterol biosynthesis: an additional therapeutic target for the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer with excessive adipose tissue
    The onset and development of breast cancer in postmenopausal women are associated with closely related individual-dependent factors, including weight gain and high levels of circulating androgens. Adipose tissue is the most peripheral site of aromatase enzyme synthesis; therefore, the excessive accumulation of visceral fat results in increased androgens aromatization and estradiol production that provides the microenvironment favorable to tumorigenesis in mammary epithelial cells expressing estrogen receptors (ERs). Moreover, to meet the increased requirement of cholesterol for cell membrane assembly and the production of steroid hormones to sustain their proliferation, ER-positive cells activate de novo cholesterol biosynthesis and subsequent steroidogenesis. Several approaches have been followed to neutralize the de novo cholesterol synthesis, including specific enzyme inhibitors, statins, and, more recently, metformin. Cumulating evidence indicated that inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis by statins and metformin may be a promising therapeutic strategy to block breast cancer progression. Unlike antiestrogens and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) which compete for binding to ER and inhibit androgens aromatization, respectively, statins block the production of mevalonic acid by inhibiting the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, and metformin hampers the activation of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) transcription factor, thus inhibiting the synthesis of several enzymes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Noteworthy, statins and metformin not only improve the prognosis of overweight patients with ER-positive cancer but also improve the prognosis of patients with triple-negative breast cancer, the aggressive tumor subtype that lacks, at present, specific therapy....
    Danila Coradini
    Published: December 28, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00116
    Viewed:270
    Downloaded:15
    Open Access
    Review
    Antibody-drug conjugates for lymphoma patients: preclinical and clinical evidences
    Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a recent, revolutionary approach for malignancies treatment, designed to provide superior efficacy and specific targeting of tumor cells, compared to systemic cyt...
    Marilia Barreca ... Francesco Bertoni
    Published: December 26, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00112
    Viewed:559
    Downloaded:34
    Open Access
    Review
    Artificial intelligence in breast cancer imaging: risk stratification, lesion detection and classification, treatment planning and prognosis—a narrative review
    The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) represents a real game changer in today’s landscape of breast cancer imaging. Several innovative AI-based tools have been developed and validated in recent years that promise to accelerate the goal of real patient-tailored management. Numerous studies confirm that proper integration of AI into existing clinical workflows could bring significant benefits to women, radiologists, and healthcare systems. The AI-based approach has proved particularly useful for developing new risk prediction models that integrate multi-data streams for planning individualized screening protocols. ...
    Maurizio Cè ... Michaela Cellina
    Published: December 27, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00113
    Viewed:463
    Downloaded:31
    Open Access
    Perspective
    Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma
    Among the malignant tumors in the central nervous system (CNS), glioma is the most challenging tumor to the public society, which accounts for the majority of intracranial malignant tumors with impa...
    Sayuri Yoshikawa ... Satoru Matsuda
    Published: December 27, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00114
    Viewed:519
    Downloaded:203
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Dendritic cell-targeting chemokines inhibit colorectal cancer progression
    Aim: Recent progress in cancer immunotherapy has shown its promise and prompted researchers to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cell...
    Pengkun Yuan ... Bin Ma
    Published: December 27, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00115
    Viewed:307
    Downloaded:21
    Open Access
    Review
    Mutant and non-mutant neoantigen-based cancer vaccines: recent advances and future promises
    Major advances in cancer treatment have emerged with the introduction of immunotherapies using blocking antibodies that target T-cell inhibitory receptors, such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) and cyto...
    Mohamad Omar Ashi ... Stéphanie Corgnac
    Published: December 22, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00111
    Viewed:406
    Downloaded:36
    Open Access
    Systematic Review
    Diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient mapping of head and neck lymph node metastasis: a systematic review
    Aim: Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is the ninth most common tumor worldwide. Neck lymph node (LN) status is the major indicator of prognosis in all head and neck cancers, and the early detection of LN involvement is crucial in terms of therapy and prognosis. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a non-invasive imaging technique used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize tissues based on the displacement motion of water molecules. This review aims to provide an overview of the current literature concerning quantitative diffusion imaging for LN staging in patients with HNSCC. Methods: This systematic review performed a literature search on the PubMed database (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) for all relevant, peer-reviewed literature on the subject following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) criteria, using the keywords: DWI, MRI, head and neck, staging, lymph node. Results: After excluding reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, and bibliometric studies, 18 relevant papers out of the 567 retrieved were selected for analysis. Conclusions: DWI improves the diagnosis, treatment planning, treatment response evaluation, and overall management of patients affected by HNSCC. More robust data to clarify the role of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and DWI parameters are needed to develop models for prognosis and prediction in HNSCC cancer using MRI. ...
    Maria Paola Belfiore ... Salvatore Cappabianca
    Published: December 13, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00110
    Viewed:400
    Downloaded:24
    Open Access
    Review
    Onosma L. as a source of anticancer agents: phytochemistry to mechanistic insight
    Onosma (O.) is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae with approximately 250 species widely dispersed in temperate, tropical, and subtropical areas. It is traditionally use...
    Ajay Kumar ... Satwinderjeet Kaur
    Published: October 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00109
    Viewed:447
    Downloaded:44
    Open Access
    Review
    Clinical utility of liquid biopsy-based companion diagnostics in the non-small-cell lung cancer treatment
    Recently, technological advances in the detection and biological characterization of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have enabled the implementation of liquid biopsy testing into clinical practice. Me...
    Yoshiharu Sato
    Published: October 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00104
    Viewed:658
    Downloaded:14
    Open Access
    Review
    Potential role of resveratrol and its nano-formulation as anti-cancer agent
    The uncontrolled and metastatic nature of cancer makes it worse and more unpredictable. Hence, many therapy and medication are used to control and treat cancer. However, apart from this, many medica...
    Akshay Kumar ... Dilpreet Singh
    Published: October 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00105
    Viewed:487
    Downloaded:14
    Open Access
    Review
    Steroid utility, immunotherapy, and brain tumor management: an update on conflicting therapies
    Steroid use is a widely accepted practice for both the treatment and prevention of tumor-induced edema, but there are many unknowns regarding their current clinical utility with modern anti-tumor th...
    Matthew Goldman ... Stephan Quintin
    Published: October 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00106
    Viewed:353
    Downloaded:15
    Open Access
    Review
    Perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine to patch up immune checkpoint blockers
    In this era of cancer immunotherapy, the response rates of immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) are still too low and the adverse events may also be significant. Of the ways of patching up such deficit...
    Shiu Ying Tsao
    Published: October 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00107
    Viewed:546
    Downloaded:14
    Open Access
    Review
    The tumor innate immune microenvironment in prostate cancer: an overview of soluble factors and cellular effectors
    Prostate cancer (PCa) accounts as the most common non-cutaneous disease affecting males, and as the first cancer, for incidence, in male. With the introduction of the concept of immunoscore, PCa has...
    Maria Teresa Palano ... Lorenzo Mortara
    Published: October 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00108
    Viewed:637
    Downloaded:41
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Targeted RNA-sequencing analysis for fusion transcripts detection in tumor diagnostics: assessment of bioinformatic tools reliability in FFPE samples
    Aim: Diagnostic laboratories are progressively introducing next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies in the routine workflow to meet the increasing clinical need for comprehensive molecular c...
    Iolanda Capone ... Giancarlo Pruneri
    Published: October 27, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00102
    Viewed:359
    Downloaded:16
    Open Access
    Review
    Modulation of the antitumor immune response by cancer-associated fibroblasts: mechanisms and targeting strategies to hamper their immunosuppressive functions
    Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are highly heterogeneous players that shape the tumor microenvironment and influence tumor progression, metastasis formation, and response to conventional therap...
    Jerome Thiery
    Published: October 27, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00103
    Viewed:591
    Downloaded:17
    Open Access
    Commentary
    A xCT role in tumour-associated ferroptosis shed light on novel therapeutic options
    Solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11; also known as xCT), a key component of the cystine/glutamate antiporter, is essential for the maintenance of cellular redox status and the regulation of t...
    Daniela Criscuolo ... Angela Celetti
    Published: October 25, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00101
    Viewed:484
    Downloaded:23
    Open Access
    Original Article
    N6-methyladenosine-related microRNAs risk model trumps the isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status as a predictive biomarker for the prognosis and immunotherapy in lower grade gliomas
    Aim: Lower grade gliomas [LGGs; World Health Organization (WHO) grades 2 and 3], owing to the heterogeneity of their clinical behavior, present a therapeutic challenge to ...
    Feng Yuan ... Chiyuan Ma
    Published: September 30, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00100
    Viewed:674
    Downloaded:36
    Open Access
    Review
    miRNA therapeutics in precision oncology: a natural premium to nurture
    The dynamic spectrum of microRNA (miRNA) has grown significantly over the years with its identification and exploration in cancer therapeutics and is currently identified as an important resource fo...
    Chakresh Kumar Jain ... R Suresh Kumar
    Published: August 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00098
    Viewed:593
    Downloaded:39
    Open Access
    Review
    Clinical applications of liquid biopsy in HPV-negative and HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: advances and challenges
    Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) represent the most common epithelial tumors that arise from mucosa of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. The development of HNSCCs is usually assoc...
    Mariana Chantre-Justino ... Lucas Delmonico
    Published: August 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00099
    Viewed:965
    Downloaded:52
    Open Access
    Review
    Applications and challenges of biomaterial mediated mRNA delivery
    With the rapid development of gene therapy technology and the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics have attracted more and more attention, and the COVID...
    Huapan Fang, Qian Chen
    Published: August 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00093
    Viewed:920
    Downloaded:25
    Open Access
    Review
    Roles of calcium signaling in cancer metastasis to bone
    Bone metastasis is a frequent complication for cancers and an important reason for the mortality in cancer patients. After surviving in bone, cancer cells can cause severe pain, life-threatening hyp...
    Tianying Xie ... Jianru Xiao
    Published: August 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00094
    Viewed:701
    Downloaded:35
    Open Access
    Review
    A personalized molecular approach in multiple myeloma: the possible use of RAF/RAS/MEK/ERK and BCL-2 inhibitors
    Multiple myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer that derives from plasma cells (PCs), which will accumulate in the bone marrow (BM). Over time, several drugs have been developed to treat this disease that i...
    Vincenzo Raimondi ... Nicola Giuliani
    Published: August 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00095
    Viewed:691
    Downloaded:24
    Open Access
    Review
    Endocrine therapy resistance: what we know and future directions
    Endocrine resistance is a major hurdle in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. When abnormally regulated, molecular signals responsible for cellular proliferation, as well...
    David Musheyev, Anya Alayev
    Published: August 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00096
    Viewed:735
    Downloaded:16
    Open Access
    Review
    Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in colorectal cancer: prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets
    Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of immature myeloid cells, which are expanded in most cancer patients. MDSCs suppress host immune responses, leading to cancer growth and progres...
    Mohammad A. Al-Mterin, Eyad Elkord
    Published: August 31, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00097
    Viewed:721
    Downloaded:33
    Open Access
    Perspective
    Anticancer action of plant products: changing stereotyped attitudes
    Compared to humans, plants can synthesize an extremely diverse array of chemical compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, lignans, terpenoids, alkaloids, and many other types of s...
    Katrin Sak
    Published: August 15, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00092
    Viewed:475
    Downloaded:39
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Consequences of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer at a single Italian institution
    Aim: To evaluate the local impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on breast cancer (BC) care, with particular attention to the economical and psychological consequences of the...
    Daniele Ugo Tari ... Fabio Pinto
    Published: July 29, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00091
    Viewed:440
    Downloaded:49
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Combination of thermal ablation by focused ultrasound, pFAR4-IL-12 transfection and lipidic adjuvant provide a distal immune response
    Aim: Gene-based immunotherapy against cancer is limited by low gene transfer efficiency. In the literature, interleukin-12 (IL-12) encoding plasmid associated with sonoporation has been shown to en...
    Hai Doan Do ... Nathalie Mignet
    Published: June 29, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00090
    Viewed:827
    Downloaded:86
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Allosteric cross-talk between the hydrophobic cleft and the BH4 domain of Bcl-2 in control of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity
    Aim: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) is a ubiquitous calcium (Ca2+) channel involved in the regulation of cellular fate and motility. Its modulation by anti-apoptotic prote...
    George Shapovalov ... Natalia Prevarskaya
    Published: June 28, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00088
    Viewed:812
    Downloaded:42
    Open Access
    Case Report
    Advanced metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor treated successfully with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy: a case report
    Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is a rare tumor that has been observed in different sites such as lungs and throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical features are usually non-specific and vary cons...
    Amit Kumar ... Rohit Kumar
    Published: June 29, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00089
    Viewed:579
    Downloaded:68
    Open Access
    Review
    Liquid biopsy in biliary tract cancer from blood and bile samples: current knowledge and future perspectives
    Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is an aggressive tumor characterized by a poor prognosis. In the latest years, targetable genetic alterations have been discovered in BTC patients, leading to the approval...
    Gianluca Arrichiello ... Emilio Francesco Giunta
    Published: June 22, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00087
    Viewed:849
    Downloaded:40
    Open Access
    Review
    Exploring new pathways in endocrine-resistant breast cancer
    The most common breast cancer (BC) subtypes are hormone-dependent, being either estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), progesterone receptor-positive (PR+), or both, and altogether comprise the luminal subtype. The mainstay of treatment for luminal BC is endocrine therapy (ET), which includes several agents that act either directly targeting ER action or suppressing estrogen production. Over the years, ET has proven efficacy in reducing mortality and improving clinical outcomes in metastatic and nonmetastatic BC. However, the development of ET resistance promotes cancer survival and progression and hinders the use of endocrine agents. Several mechanisms implicated in endocrine resistance have now been extensively studied. Based on the current clinical and pre-clinical data, the present article briefly reviews the well-established pathways of ET resistance and continues by focusing on the three most recently uncovered pathways, which may mediate resistance to ET, namely receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa Β ligand (RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa Β (RANK), nuclear factor kappa Β (NFκB), and Notch. It additionally overviews the evidence underlying the approval of combined therapies to overcome ET resistance in BC, while highlighting the relevance of future studies focusing on putative mediators of ET resistance to uncover new therapeutic options for the disease....
    Inês Soares de Pinho ... Luís Costa
    Published: June 20, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00086
    Viewed:820
    Downloaded:36
    Open Access
    Systematic Review
    Management of lung cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic: dos, don’ts and don’t knows
    Aim: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic two needs have overlapped: on one hand continuing to provide the best care for patients with lung cancer and preventing the spread of the...
    Mariangela Torniai ... Rossana Berardi
    Published: June 10, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00085
    Viewed:543
    Downloaded:31
    Open Access
    Review
    In vitro breast cancer models for studying mechanisms of resistance to endocrine therapy
    The development of endocrine resistance is a common reason for the failure of endocrine therapies in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. This review provides an overview of the different types ...
    Gary J. Cheng ... Dean C. Singleton
    Published: June 01, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00084
    Viewed:938
    Downloaded:42
    Open Access
    Review
    Myeloid cell leukemia-1: a formidable barrier to anticancer therapeutics and the quest of targeting it
    The antiapoptotic B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family members are apical regulators of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis that orchestrate mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) through i...
    Prasad Sulkshane, Tanuja Teni
    Published: May 24, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00083
    Viewed:959
    Downloaded:32
    Open Access
    Review
    Antibody-drug conjugates: beyond current approvals and potential future strategies
    The recent approvals for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in multiple malignancies in recent years have fuelled the ongoing development of this class of drugs. These novel agents combine the benefits...
    Siddharth Menon ... Hui K. Gan
    Published: April 28, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00082
    Viewed:1603
    Downloaded:120
    Open Access
    Perspective
    Endocrine resistant breast cancer: brain metastasis
    Endocrine resistant breast cancer metastasis continues to serve as a significant clinical challenge with high morbidity and mortality for patients. As the number of breast cancer cases continues to ...
    Matthew Willman ... Brandon Lucke-Wold
    Published: April 26, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00081
    Viewed:809
    Downloaded:38
    Open Access
    Review
    Genomic alterations in cholangiocarcinoma: clinical significance and relevance to therapy
    Improving the survival of patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has long proved challenging, although the treatment of this disease nowadays is on advancement. The historical invariability of survi...
    Marianeve Carotenuto ... Nicola Normanno
    Published: April 26, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00079
    Viewed:1145
    Downloaded:37
    Open Access
    Original Article
    The importance of targeting signalling mechanisms of the SLC39A family of zinc transporters to inhibit endocrine resistant breast cancer
    Aim: Zinc is a key secondary messenger that can regulate multiple signalling pathways within cancer cells, thus its levels need to be strictly controlled. The Zrt, Irt-like protein (ZIP, SLC39A) ...
    Samuel Jones ... Kathryn M. Taylor
    Published: April 26, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00080
    Viewed:935
    Downloaded:56
    Open Access
    Review
    Role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in mediating endocrine resistance: concept to clinic
    The majority of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ER) and for this group of patients, endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of systemic treatment. However, drug resistance is common and a...
    Aglaia Skolariki ... Simon Lord
    Published: April 24, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00078
    Viewed:1183
    Downloaded:52
    Open Access
    Review
    Advancing antibody-drug conjugates in gynecological malignancies: myth or reality?
    Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a new class of therapeutic agents designed to target specific antigens on tumor cells, combining the specificity of monoclonal antibodies to the cytotoxicit...
    Marta Nerone ... Ilaria Colombo
    Published: April 19, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00077
    Viewed:1319
    Downloaded:69
    Open Access
    Review
    Yeast as a tool to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of Bcl-2 family
    The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a favorite model in biology, does not contain any protein of the Bcl-2 family. From initial experiments with two-hybrid systems to the heterologous expression of human Bcl-2 family members, and the characterization of several forms of yeast programmed cell death, ...
    Stéphen Manon
    Published: April 02, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00076
    Viewed:917
    Downloaded:36
    Open Access
    Review
    Polyester materials for mRNA delivery
    Messenger RNA (mRNA) has recently made important progress in clinical implementation, offering a promising therapeutic option for infectious disease and cancer. However, the nature of mRNA molecules...
    Wang Chen ... Dandan Zhu
    Published: March 11, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00075
    Viewed:1125
    Downloaded:99
    Open Access
    Review
    Targeting the two-pore channel 2 in cancer progression and metastasis
    The importance of Ca2+ signaling, and particularly Ca2+ channels, in key events of cancer cell function such as proliferation, metastasis, autophagy and angiogenesis, has recently begun to be appreciated. Of particular note are two-pore channels (TPCs), a group of recently identified Ca2+-channels, located within the endolysosomal system. ...
    Kathryn A. Skelding ... Lisa F. Lincz
    Published: February 28, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00072
    Viewed:1134
    Downloaded:41
    Open Access
    Case Report
    Liver venous deprivation for resection of advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma—a case report and review of the literature
    Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a rare primary malignancy associated with a dismal prognosis. Currently, complete extended right or left-sided hepatectomy is the primary curative therapy. Achieving a ne...
    Radoslava Stoyanova ... Alexander Klaus
    Published: February 28, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00073
    Viewed:756
    Downloaded:47
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Collateral-resistance to estrogen and HER-activated growth is associated with modified AKT, ERα, and cell-cycle signaling in a breast cancer model
    Aim: A model of progressively endocrine-resistant breast cancer was investigated to identify changes that can occur in signaling pathways after endocrine manipulation. Methods: The MCF7 breas...
    Kate M. Moore ... Simon P. Langdon
    Published: February 28, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00074
    Viewed:966
    Downloaded:66
    Open Access
    Review
    New antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in breast cancer—an overview of ADCs recently approved and in later stages of development
    Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have changed the treatment of breast cancer (BC) in more recent years. BC is a heterogenous group of malignancies with a broad range of histopathological characterist...
    Kira-Lee Koster ... Markus Joerger
    Published: February 24, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00069
    Viewed:1379
    Downloaded:79
    Open Access
    Original Article
    B-cell receptor dependent phagocytosis and presentation of particulate antigen by chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
    Aim: T-helper cells could play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a common B-cell neoplasm. Although CLL cells can present soluble antigens targeted from...
    Annabel R. Minton ... Graham Packham
    Published: February 25, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00070
    Viewed:908
    Downloaded:45
    Open Access
    Review
    Engineered phosphorus dendrimers as powerful non-viral nanoplatforms for gene delivery: a great hope for the future of cancer therapeutics
    During the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made in the dendrimer-based delivery of therapeutic molecules including, for instance, small molecules, macromolecules, and genes. This revi...
    Serge Mignani ... Jean-Pierre Majoral
    Published: February 25, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00071
    Viewed:828
    Downloaded:31
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Bcl-2-like protein-10 increases aggressive features of melanoma cells
    Aim: B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-like protein-10 (Bcl2L10) is the less studied member of Bcl-2 family proteins, with the controversial role in different cancer histotypes. Very recently, Bcl2L10 ex...
    Donatella Del Bufalo ... Simona D’Aguanno
    Published: January 30, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00068
    Viewed:1181
    Downloaded:65
    Open Access
    Review
    Antibody-drug conjugate therapies in multiple myeloma—what’s next on the horizon?
    Targeted immunotherapy has arisen over the past decade to the forefront of cancer care. Notably, targeted therapies such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are becoming more recognized for a novel a...
    Monique Hartley-Brown, Paul Richardson
    Published: January 14, 2022 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00067
    Viewed:1517
    Downloaded:102
    Open Access
    Review
    Interface between obesity with dysfunctional metabolism and inflammation, and the triple-negative breast cancer in African American women
    Obesity has dramatically increased over the past fifty years. In the last decade, it has been noted that augmented body mass, metabolic abnormalities, and the relevant “obese”...
    Katarzyna Rygiel
    Published: December 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00066
    Viewed:736
    Downloaded:54
    Open Access
    Original Article
    The bromodomain and extra-terminal domain degrader MZ1 exhibits preclinical anti-tumoral activity in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the activated B cell-like type
    Aim: Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins are epigenetic readers that play a fundamental role in transcription regulation. Preclinical and early clinical evidence sustain BET targ...
    Chiara Tarantelli ... Francesco Bertoni
    Published: December 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00065
    Viewed:1496
    Downloaded:85
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Physical characteristics comparison between maytansinoid-based and auristatin-based antibody-drug conjugates
    Aim: Direct analytical comparison of two major drug-linkers in the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) field was conducted. Methods: Four different analytical methods [AlogP calculation, reverse phase (RP) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; RP-HPLC), size exclusion chromatography HPLC (SEC-HPLC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)] were tested for this comparison....
    Tomohiro Fujii ... Yutaka Matsuda
    Published: December 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00064
    Viewed:1274
    Downloaded:101
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Alterations in the Ca2+ toolkit in oesophageal adenocarcinoma
    Aim: To investigate alterations in transcription of genes, encoding Ca2+ toolkit proteins, in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and to assess associations between gene expression, tumor ...
    Alana L. Cutliffe ... John J. Mackrill
    Published: December 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00063
    Viewed:1082
    Downloaded:46
    Open Access
    Review
    Immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and rare head and neck malignancies
    The dismal prognosis of recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) prompted recent advances in the field of therapeutic approaches beyond cytotoxic cancer therapy. In r...
    Stefano Cavalieri ... Laura D. Locati
    Published: December 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00062
    Viewed:1534
    Downloaded:87
    Open Access
    Review
    The clinical advances of proteolysis targeting chimeras in oncology
    Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are a class of small molecules designed to target proteins for degradation. Their novel and unique modes of action provide PROTACs with the potential for the...
    Hao Xie ... Jason B. Fleming
    Published: December 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00061
    Viewed:2058
    Downloaded:163
    Open Access
    Review
    Proteolysis-targeting chimeras and their implications in breast cancer
    Breast cancer (BC) is a highly heterogeneous neoplasm of the mammary tissue, causing the deaths of a large number of women worldwide. Nearly 70% and 20% of BC cases are estro...
    Angeles C. Tecalco-Cruz ... Alberto Rojas-Ochoa
    Published: December 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00060
    Viewed:1231
    Downloaded:70
    Open Access
    Review
    A review of molecularly targeted therapy in biliary tract carcinoma: what is the next step?
    Patients with unresectable biliary tract carcinomas (BTCs) have a poor prognosis with a median overall survival of fewer than 12 months following systemic chemotherapy. In recent years, the identifi...
    Giacomo Aimar ... Massimo Di Maio
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00056
    Viewed:1087
    Downloaded:73
    Open Access
    Review
    Targeted therapy of multiple myeloma
    Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferative disease of monoclonal plasma cells (PCs) and is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of PCs and excessive production of specific types of im...
    Shan Zhou, Renxi Wang
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00057
    Viewed:973
    Downloaded:49
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Performing oncological procedures during COVID-19 outbreak: a picture from an Italian cancer center
    Aim: Since SARS-CoV-2 infection rapidly spread around the world, Italy has quickly become one of the most affected countries. Healthcare systems introduced strict infection control measures to ensu...
    Maristella Bungaro ... Silvia Novello
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00058
    Viewed:695
    Downloaded:32
    Open Access
    Review
    Clinical aspect, pathogenesis and therapy options of alopecia induced by hormonal therapy for breast cancer
    Adjuvant hormonal therapy is one of the most important treatments of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer and includes selective estrogen receptor modulators, aromatase inhibitors, and luteinizin...
    Alfredo Rossi ... Marta Carlesimo
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00059
    Viewed:896
    Downloaded:28
    Open Access
    Review
    Current options and future directions of systemic therapy for advanced biliary tract cancer
    Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are aggressive tumors arising from different portions of the biliary tree and classified according to the anatomical location in intrahepatic (i) cholangiocarcinoma (CCA...
    Maria Giuseppina Prete ... Lorenza Rimassa
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00054
    Viewed:1772
    Downloaded:73
    Open Access
    Review
    Targeting protein kinase CK2 in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma
    Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a disease with a very poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Although targeted therapies directed towards specific mutations found in CCA are becoming available an...
    Padma-Sheela Jayaraman, Kevin Gaston
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00055
    Viewed:1241
    Downloaded:58
    Open Access
    Review
    A novel strategy for treating cancer: understanding the role of Ca2+ signaling from nociceptive TRP channels in regulating cancer progression
    Cancer is an aging-associated disease and caused by genomic instability that is driven by the accumulation of mutations and epimutations in the aging process. Although Ca2+ signaling, re...
    Wen-Li Hsu ... Etsuro Ito
    Published: October 31, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00053
    Viewed:1357
    Downloaded:64
    Open Access
    Review
    Role of estrogen receptor coregulators in endocrine resistant breast cancer
    Breast cancer (BC) is the most ubiquitous cancer in women. Approximately 70–80% of BC diagnoses are positive for estrogen receptor (ER) alpha (ERα). The steroid ho...
    Kristin A. Altwegg, Ratna K. Vadlamudi
    Published: August 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00052
    Viewed:2093
    Downloaded:89
    Open Access
    Review
    The promising potential of piperlongumine as an emerging therapeutics for cancer
    In spite of the immense advancement in the diagnostic and treatment modalities, cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality across the globe, responsible for the death of around 10...
    Dey Parama ... Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
    Published: August 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00049
    Viewed:2577
    Downloaded:119
    Open Access
    Review
    The evolving role and utility of off-label drug use in multiple myeloma
    The treatment landscape for multiple myeloma (MM) has dramatically changed over the last three decades, moving from no US Food and Drug Administration approvals and two active drug classes to over 1...
    James H Stoeckle ... Gareth J Morgan
    Published: August 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00050
    Viewed:2230
    Downloaded:38
    Open Access
    Review
    Does the gut microbiome environment influence response to systemic breast cancer treatment?
    The gut microbiome is a novel player in the pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer. The term “microbiome” is used to describe the diverse community of micro-organisms exis...
    Eilidh Bruce ... Beatrix Elsberger
    Published: August 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00051
    Viewed:1171
    Downloaded:46
    Open Access
    Original Article
    The effect of iron on the expression levels of calcium related gene in cisplatin resistant epithelial ovarian cancer cells
    Aim: Anticancer drugs (chemotherapeutics) used in cancer treatment (chemotherapy) lead to drug resistance. This study was conducted to investigate the possible effect of iron on calcium homeostasis...
    Bahire Kucukkaya ... Leman Yalcintepe
    Published: August 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00048
    Viewed:746
    Downloaded:38
    Open Access
    Review
    Targeting cytoskeletal phosphorylation in cancer
    Phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins regulates the dynamics of polymerization, stability, and disassembly of the different types of cytoskeletal polymers. These control the ability of cells to m...
    Clara Llorente-González ... Miguel Vicente-Manzanares
    Published: June 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00047
    Viewed:1012
    Downloaded:62
    Open Access
    Review
    Advances in the study of cancer metastasis and calcium signaling as potential therapeutic targets
    Metastasis is still the primary cause of cancer-related mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms of cancer metastasis are not yet fully understood. Currently, the epithelial-mesenchymal transit...
    Chaochu Cui ... Xianwei Wang
    Published: June 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00046
    Viewed:1711
    Downloaded:117
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Tumor burden as possible biomarker of outcome in advanced NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy: a single center, retrospective, real-world analysis
    Aim: The role of tumor burden (TB) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving immunotherapy is still unknown. The aim of this analysis was to analyze the prognostic value of T...
    Edoardo Lenci ... Rossana Berardi
    Published: June 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00043
    Viewed:1330
    Downloaded:68
    Open Access
    Case Report
    Lynch syndrome-associated lung cancer: pitfalls of an immunotherapy-based treatment strategy in an unusual tumor type
    Lynch syndrome is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline alterations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes leading to increased risk of colon cancer as well as other cancer types. N...
    Elena Maccaroni ... Rossana Berardi
    Published: June 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00044
    Viewed:1493
    Downloaded:51
    Open Access
    Review
    Overview of Ca2+ signaling in lung cancer progression and metastatic lung cancer with bone metastasis
    Intracellular Ca2+ ions that are thought to be one of the most important second messengers for cellular signaling, have a substantial diversity of roles in regulating a plethora of funda...
    Manh Tien Tran
    Published: June 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00045
    Viewed:1450
    Downloaded:44
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Understanding doxorubicin associated calcium remodeling during triple-negative breast cancer treatment: an in silico study
    Aim: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer with high heterogeneity, rapid progression, and paucity of treatment options. The most effective chemotherape...
    Garhima Arora ... Samrat Chatterjee
    Published: April 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00042
    Viewed:1679
    Downloaded:107
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 modulates HER4 receptor in ovarian cancer cells to influence their sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors
    Aim: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a key component in the cell’s response to oxidative and electrophilic stress and is a transcription factor regulating the expre...
    Ibrahim H. Kankia ... Yusuf Y. Deeni
    Published: April 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00040
    Viewed:946
    Downloaded:51
    Open Access
    Editorial
    Analysis of DNA from liquid biopsy: new genetic biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy?
    Carminia Maria Della Corte ... Floriana Morgillo
    Published: April 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00041
    Viewed:822
    Downloaded:16
    Open Access
    Review
    Liquid biopsy in NSCLC: a new challenge in radiation therapy
    Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. To date, tissue biopsy has been the gold standard for the diagnosis and the identification of specific mole...
    Annarita Perillo ... Ida Rosalia Scognamiglio
    Published: April 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00038
    Viewed:1276
    Downloaded:37
    Open Access
    Review
    Gastrointestinal disorders as immune-related adverse events
    Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 inhibitors, programmed cell death 1 inhibitors and programmed cell death-ligand 1 inhibitors, have recently emerged as novel dr...
    Daniele Balducci ... Luca Maroni
    Published: April 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00039
    Viewed:1021
    Downloaded:21
    Open Access
    Review
    Targeting HER2 in breast cancer: new drugs and paradigms on the horizon
    About 15–20% of all breast cancers (BCs) are defined human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive, based on the overexpression of HER2 protein and/or amplification...
    Paolo Tarantino ... Giuseppe Curigliano
    Published: April 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00037
    Viewed:3435
    Downloaded:182
    Open Access
    Review
    Potential benefit of β-glucans as adjuvant therapy in immuno-oncology: a review
    Fungal compounds have long been used for centuries as food supplements. β-glucans have been identified as the most interesting molecules with beneficial effects in several chronic diseas...
    Valeria Cognigni ... Rossana Berardi
    Published: April 30, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00036
    Viewed:2433
    Downloaded:123
    Open Access
    Review
    Multi-omics tumor profiling technologies to develop precision medicine in multiple myeloma
    Multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematologic cancer, is caused by accumulation of aberrant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Its molecular causes are not fully understood and its great h...
    Sara Ovejero, Jerome Moreaux
    Published: February 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00034
    Viewed:2117
    Downloaded:52
    Open Access
    Review
    Aptamers and antibodies: rivals or allies in cancer targeted therapy?
    The goal of an efficacious cancer therapy is to specifically target diseased cells at high accuracy while sparing normal, healthy cells. Over the past three decades, immunotherapy, based on the use ...
    Lisa Agnello ... Laura Cerchia
    Published: February 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00035
    Viewed:1799
    Downloaded:86
    Open Access
    Review
    Immunotherapy in gynecological cancers
    Immunotherapy has changed the natural history of several malignancies that, a decade ago, had a very poor prognosis, such as lung cancer and melanoma. Consequently, many attempts have been done to e...
    Domenica Lorusso ... Giovanni Scambia
    Published: February 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00033
    Viewed:1192
    Downloaded:37
    Open Access
    Review
    Non-invasive detection of epithelial mesenchymal transition phenotype and metastatic dissemination of lung cancer by liquid biopsy
    The occurrence of phenotype switch from an epithelial to a mesenchymal cell state during the activation of the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) program in cancer cells has been closely associ...
    Viviana De Rosa ... Francesca Iommelli
    Published: February 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00032
    Viewed:1040
    Downloaded:31
    Open Access
    Review
    Emerging role of pioneer transcription factors in targeted ERα positive breast cancer
    Transcription factors (TFs) are modular protein groups that preferably bind to DNA sequences and guide genomic expression through transcription. Among these key regulators, “pioneer facto...
    Honey Pavithran, Ranjith Kumavath
    Published: February 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00031
    Viewed:1662
    Downloaded:48
    Open Access
    Review
    Old but gold: the role of drug combinations in improving response to immune check-point inhibitors in thoracic malignancies beyond NSCLC
    The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-oncogene addicted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has revolutionized the treatment scenario and led to a meaningful improvement in p...
    Luca Cantini ... Rossana Berardi
    Published: February 28, 2021 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00030
    Viewed:1387
    Downloaded:33
    Open Access
    Letter to the Editor
    Is hyperprogressive disease a specific phenomenom of immunotherapy?
    Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) is a novel pattern of response during immunotherapy treatment. Several retrospective studies have evaluated its prevalence among various cancer types and, in particula...
    Marta Brambilla ... Mario Occhipinti
    Published: December 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00027
    Viewed:1521
    Downloaded:28
    Open Access
    Review
    Circulating biomarkers in malignant pleural mesothelioma
    Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor strictly connected to asbestos exposure. Prognosis is dismal as diagnosis commonly occurs in advanced stage. Radiological screenings have ...
    Giuseppe Viscardi ... Giulia Galli
    Published: December 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00028
    Viewed:1808
    Downloaded:57
    Open Access
    Review
    An overview of immune checkpoint inhibitors in breast cancer
    Although breast cancer is not traditionally considered an immunogenic type of tumor, the combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy has recently emerged as a novel treatment option in triple-nega...
    Federica Miglietta ... Nicla La Verde
    Published: December 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00029
    Viewed:2674
    Downloaded:107
    Open Access
    Review
    An overview of the potential anticancer properties of cardamonin
    Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality, contributing to 9.6 million deaths globally in 2018 alone. Although several cancer treatments exist, they are often associated with severe side effe...
    Shanaya Ramchandani ... Manoj Garg
    Published: December 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00026
    Viewed:2246
    Downloaded:50
    Open Access
    Review
    Targeting transcription factors in cancer drug discovery
    Cancer drug discovery is currently dominated by clinical trials or clinical research. Several potential drug candidates have been brought into the pipeline of drug discovery after showing very promi...
    Partha Mitra
    Published: December 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00025
    Viewed:2722
    Downloaded:167
    Open Access
    Review
    Use of liquid biopsy in monitoring therapeutic resistance in EGFR oncogene addicted NSCLC
    Liquid biopsy has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to tumor tissue analysis for the management of lung cancer patients, especially for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) oncogene add...
    Marialucia Iacovino ... Francesca Sparano
    Published: December 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00024
    Viewed:1557
    Downloaded:58
    Open Access
    Review
    Novel approaches for the rational design of PROTAC linkers
    Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) represent a promising class of hetero-bivalent molecules that facilitate ubiquitination of a target protein by simultaneously binding and bringing together b...
    Almaz Zagidullin ... Emil Bulatov
    Published: October 30, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00023
    Viewed:3209
    Downloaded:247
    Open Access
    Review
    Potential of guggulsterone, a farnesoid X receptor antagonist, in the prevention and treatment of cancer
    Cancer is one of the most dreadful diseases in the world with a mortality of 9.6 million annually. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment during the last couple of decades, it still remains...
    Sosmitha Girisa ... Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
    Published: October 30, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00019
    Viewed:2376
    Downloaded:59
    Open Access
    Case Report
    Pseudoprogression in lung cancer: a case report
    Immunotherapy dramatically changed the management of several malignancies including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Since immune checkpoint inhibitors have a different mechanism of action from c...
    Giulia Meoni ... Angela Stefania Ribecco
    Published: October 30, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00022
    Viewed:1742
    Downloaded:39
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Downregulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase during acquired tamoxifen resistance and association with poor prognosis in ERα-positive breast cancer
    Aim: Tamoxifen (TAM) resistance remains a clinical issue in breast cancer. The authors previously reported that 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) was significantly downregulated in tamox...
    Milene Volpato ... Valerie Speirs
    Published: October 30, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00021
    Viewed:1995
    Downloaded:39
    Open Access
    Review
    Current strategies for the design of PROTAC linkers: a critical review
    PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are heterobifunctional molecules consisting of two ligands; an “anchor” to bind to an E3 ubiquitin ligase and a “warhead” ...
    Robert I. Troup ... Matthias G. J. Baud
    Published: October 30, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00018
    Viewed:16765
    Downloaded:2323
    Open Access
    Review
    Diagnostic and prognostic role of liquid biopsy in non-small cell lung cancer: evaluation of circulating biomarkers
    Lung cancer is still one of the main causes of cancer-related death, together with prostate and colorectal cancers in males and breast and colorectal cancers in females. The prognosis for non-small ...
    Giovanni Vicidomini ... Mario Santini
    Published: October 30, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00020
    Viewed:1353
    Downloaded:29
    Open Access
    Review
    Possible applications of salvianolic acid B against different cancers
    Cancer is the second death causing disease worldwide after cardiovascular abnormalities. The difficulty in treating tumor cells with more precise targeted interventions and recurrence of cancer afte...
    Iram Shahzadi ... Reza Mohammadinejad
    Published: August 31, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00014
    Viewed:1979
    Downloaded:33
    Open Access
    Review
    PROTACs are effective in addressing the platelet toxicity associated with BCL-XL inhibitors
    BCL-XL is an anti-apoptotic protein that plays an important role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and intrinsic or therapy-induced cancer drug resistance. More recently, BCL-XL has also been identified...
    Peiyi Zhang ... Guangrong Zheng
    Published: August 31, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00017
    Viewed:3889
    Downloaded:225
    Open Access
    Review
    Future directions and management of liquid biopsy in non-small cell lung cancer
    Lung cancer represents the world’s most common cause of cancer death. In recent years, we moved from a generic therapeutic strategy to a personalized approach, based on the molecular char...
    Alessia Maria Cossu ... Marco Bocchetti
    Published: August 31, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00015
    Viewed:2033
    Downloaded:52
    Open Access
    Commentary
    Circulating cancer stem cells: an interesting niche to explore
    Federica Papaccio
    Published: August 31, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00016
    Viewed:1829
    Downloaded:70
    Open Access
    Review
    A brief overview of antitumoral actions of bruceine D
    Cancer remains the second leading cause of mortality globally. In combating cancer, conventional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are administered as first-line therapy. However, these are usually a...
    Zi Wayne Sin ... Manoj Garg
    Published: August 31, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00013
    Viewed:2067
    Downloaded:58
    Open Access
    Review
    Development of PROTACs to address clinical limitations associated with BTK-targeted kinase inhibitors
    Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a common form of leukemia and is dependent on growth-promoting signaling via the B-cell receptor. The Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an important mediator of B-cell ...
    Rachael Arthur ... Graham Packham
    Published: June 29, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00009
    Viewed:5814
    Downloaded:248
    Open Access
    Review
    An overview of the anti-cancer actions of Tanshinones, derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen)
    Tanshinone is a herbal medicinal compound described in Chinese medicine, extracted from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen). This family of compounds, including Tanshinone IIA and Tanshinone...
    Irum Naz ... Kwang Seok Ahn
    Published: June 29, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00010
    Viewed:2758
    Downloaded:74
    Open Access
    Review
    Role of liquid biopsy for thoracic cancers immunotherapy
    Immunotherapy has shifted the therapeutic landscape in thoracic cancers. However, assessment of biomarkers for patient selection and disease monitoring remain challenging, especially considering the...
    Raimondo Di Liello ... Paloma Martín-Martorell
    Published: June 29, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00012
    Viewed:2602
    Downloaded:55
    Open Access
    Review
    Integration of PARP-inhibitors in ovarian cancer therapy
    Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARP-I) represent one of the most attractive and promising class of biological agents studied both in relapsed ovarian cancer (OC) and in the advanced setting....
    Antonella Pietragalla ... Gennaro Daniele
    Published: June 29, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00011
    Viewed:1508
    Downloaded:32
    Open Access
    Case Report
    Multiple adverse drug reactions during all-trans retinoic acid treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia: differentiation syndrome, bradycardia, intestinal necrosis
    All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces complete remission in a high proportion of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Nevertheless it is be associated with adverse drug reactions that might be life-...
    Valeria Ferla ... Nicola Stefano Fracchiolla
    Published: April 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00007
    Viewed:1660
    Downloaded:19
    Open Access
    Review
    Angiogenesis and epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer
    Several preclinical studies suggested a potential benefit from combined treatment with inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and angiogenesis, both effective in patients with advance...
    Giuliano Palumbo ... Alessandro Morabito
    Published: April 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00008
    Viewed:1656
    Downloaded:54
    Open Access
    Review
    The impact of tumour pH on cancer progression: strategies for clinical intervention
    Dysregulation of cellular pH is frequent in solid tumours and provides potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention. The acidic microenvironment within a tumour can promote migration, invasi...
    Carol Ward ... Simon P Langdon
    Published: April 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00005
    Viewed:11221
    Downloaded:581
    Open Access
    Original Article
    Implementation of an NGS panel for clinical practice in paraffin-embedded tissue samples from locally advanced and metastatic melanoma patients
    Aim: Single biomarker diagnostic test of BRAFV600 locus in metastatic melanoma is mandatory for treatment decision; however, multiple-gene based techniques, such as targeted next-generation sequenc ...
    Paola Castillo ... Cristina Teixido
    Published: April 28, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00006
    Viewed:2330
    Downloaded:48
    Open Access
    Editorial
    Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy: a contribution to the development of targeted therapies
    Nicola Normanno, Graham Packham
    Published: February 29, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00001
    Viewed:933
    Downloaded:16
    Open Access
    Review
    Targeted inhibition of mRNA translation initiation factors as a novel therapeutic strategy for mature B-cell neoplasms
    Cancer development is frequently associated with dysregulation of mRNA translation to enhance both increased global protein synthesis and translation of specific mRNAs encoding oncoproteins. Thus, t...
    Joe Taylor ... Graham Packham
    Published: February 29, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00002
    Viewed:4183
    Downloaded:112
    Open Access
    Review
    Inhibitors of the Fanconi anaemia pathway as potential antitumour agents for ovarian cancer
    The Fanconi anaemia (FA) pathway is an important mechanism for cellular DNA damage repair, which functions to remove toxic DNA interstrand crosslinks. This is particularly relevant in the context of...
    Sarah J Taylor ... Simon P Langdon
    Published: February 29, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00003
    Viewed:4765
    Downloaded:157
    Open Access
    Review
    Colorectal cancer genomic biomarkers in the clinical management of patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma
    Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is an heterogeneous disease in which different genetic alterations play a role in its pathogenesis and progression and offer potential for therapeutic intervention. The re...
    Anna Maria Rachiglio ... Nicola Normanno
    Published: February 29, 2020 Explor Target Antitumor Ther. DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00004
    Viewed:3953
    Downloaded:131