| Phytochemical | Pharmacological/Medicinal activities |
|---|---|
| Mangiferin | Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypouricemic, antiviral (HSV-2), antiasthmatic, anti-allergic. |
| Homomangiferin | Enhanced solubility contributes to hypoglycemic and uric acid-lowering effects. |
| Quercetin | Antioxidant, anticancer (colon, breast), cytoprotective. |
| Gallic acid | Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer. |
| Catechol | Antioxidant (general), possible antimicrobial. |
| Shikimic acid | Antiviral precursor (used in the synthesis of antiviral drugs like oseltamivir). |
| Kaempferol | Antioxidant, anticancer, cytoprotective. |
| Kaempferol acid | Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer. |
| Ellagic acid | Antioxidant, anticancer. |
| Thujene (volatile) | Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory (based on general knowledge of monoterpenes). |
| Flavonoids (general) | Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cytoprotective. |
| Tannins | Antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, detoxifying. |
| Alkaloids | Analgesic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory (varies by specific type). |
| Saponins | Immune-boosting, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory. |
| Cardiac glycosides | Cardiotonic, detoxifying (caution: can be toxic in high doses). |
| Phenolic compounds | Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer. |
| Isoquercitrin | Antioxidant, anticancer. |
| Astragalin | Antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory. |
| Fisetin | Antioxidant, anticancer, neuroprotective. |
| Methylgallate | Antioxidant, anticancer. |
| Vimang (mangiferin-rich extract) | Anthelmintic, anti-allergic. |
SDB and SSM: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Resources. Both authors read and approved the submitted version.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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