From:  Phytochemical profiles and therapeutic applications of selected medicinal plants: an evidence-based narrative review

 Phytochemical composition and bioactivities of Morinda citrifolia and Houttuynia cordata [1417].

SectionMorinda citrifolia (Noni)Houttuynia cordata
ExtractsEthanol (NE), methanol (NM).Aqueous decoction.
Main bioactivities
  • Antimicrobial.

  • Anticancer.

1. Antiviral.
2. Anti-inflammatory.
3. Antioxidant.
MechanismsApoptosis & autophagy induction, cell cycle arrest, bacterial/fungal inhibition.Viral entry inhibition, RNA replication suppression, and MAPK/JNK pathway modulation.
Target pathogens/cellsE. coli, S. aureus, S. cerevisiae, and cancer cell lines HT-29, UMUC-3.Dengue virus, HSV-1, CVA4.
Phytochemicals identified17 bioactives, including new compounds:
1. Phenolic acids.
2. Riboflavin.
3. Wyomin, armillaripin.
4. Glycosides & oligosaccharides.
38+ compounds:
1. Hyperoside, quercitrin, and quercetin.
2. Norcepharadione B (HSV-1 inhibitor).
3. Cepharadione B (anti-tyrosinase).
4. Houttuynoside A.
5. Houttuynamide A.
6. Chlorogenic acid.
7. Cycloart-25-ene-3β,24-diol.
HighlightsNE: Stronger anticancer activity.
NM: Better antimicrobial activity.
HC outperformed ribavirin in the HFMD model (CVA4).
Effective at EC50 = 0.8 µg/mL for dengue.