From:  Clinical management strategies for type 2 diabetes mellitus with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

 Evidence classification criteria.

Evidence classDescription
Class I: convincing evidence> 1,000 cases (or > 20,000 participants for continuous outcomes); statistical significance at P < 10−6 (random effects); no evidence of small study effects and excess significance bias; 95% prediction interval excluded null value; no large heterogeneity (I2 < 50%)
Class II: highly suggestive evidence> 1,000 cases (or > 20,000 participants for continuous outcomes), statistical significance at P < 10−6 (random effects), and the largest study with a 95% confidence interval excluding null value
Class III: suggestive evidence> 1,000 cases (or > 20,000 participants for continuous outcomes) and statistical significance at P < 0.001
Class IV: weak evidenceRemaining significant associations with P < 0.05
NS: not significantP > 0.05
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