Exploration of Cardiology

From: Coronary vasospasm testing: escape from the cath lab!

Table 1. Detection of coronary vasospasm

Test parameters	Invasive approach	Noninvasive approach
Operating theater	Catheterization laboratory	Echocardiography laboratory
Stress test	Intracoronary acetylcholine	Hyperventilation + exercise
Main biomarker	Coronary vasoconstriction	RWMA
Ancillary biomarker	IMR	CFV
Radiation exposure	15 mSv (750 chest X-rays)	Absent
Iodine contrast material	50 mL	Absent
Intracoronary catheter	Present, perturbs coronary tone	Absent
X-rays effect on endothelium	Present, may alter function	Absent
Large scale experience	Present	Missing

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mSv: milli Sievert (radiation dose)

Declarations

Author contributions

ADD: Writing—original draft, Conceptualization. SD: Writing—original draft, Visualization. NB and VG: Writing—review & editing.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

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