Suitability for a craft brewery (high, medium, low)
Continuous pasteurization
Yes
No
High
Low
Flash pasteurization
Yes
No
High
Low
Tunnel pasteurization
Yes
Yes
Medium
Medium
Immersion batch pasteurization
Yes
Yes
Low
High
Chemical preservatives
Yes
No
Low
Low
Mechanical filtration
Yes
No
High
Low
Pulsed electric fields
Yes
No
High
Low
Ultrasonic treatment
Yes
No
High
No
Microwave treatment
Yes
No
Medium
Low
High pressure treatment
Yes
No
High
Low
UV radiation
Yes
Yes (with doubts)
High
Low
Microbiological control
Yes
Yes (destructive)
High
Medium
Declarations
Acknowledgments
To Cervezas Mica, for the non-alcoholic beers for the development of these analyses. To the Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana–CENIEH (National Center for Research on Human Evolution) for conducting the tests in the Archeometry and Microscopy laboratories with the collaboration of its technicians. To the AVeSCA for the realization of the pasteurization processes and the organoleptic analysis.
Author contributions
RD and MJ: Conceptualization, Investigation. BN and LR: Investigation, Analysis. MME and MD: Investigation, Validation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. All authors write, read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets for this manuscript can be obtained by contacting the author (Manuel Domínguez, mdominguez@ind.uned.es).
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