From:  Oxytocin, disordered eating, and insulin resistance: a mediation analysis in adults with metabolic dysfunction

 Clinical, metabolic, and behavioral characteristics according to eating psychopathology severity (low vs high EDE-Q).

VariableLow EDE-Q (n = 33)High EDE-Q (n = 66)p-value
Age (years)38.24 ± 9.1039.29 ± 11.030.63
BMI (kg/m2)22.40 (20.30–23.96)36.50 (31.68–42.07)< 0.001
Waist circumference (cm)77.58 ± 14.34106.52 ± 19.62< 0.001
Oxytocin (pg/mL)137.00 (121.10–147.00)29.00 (18.57–41.12)< 0.001
Leptin (pg/mL)387.90 (350.50–416.60)1,175.20 (1,156.65–1,187.50)< 0.001
HOMA-IR1.60 (1.40–1.80)4.59 (3.50–6.21)< 0.001
HSI30.30 (29.14–33.00)48.95 (43.48–55.81)< 0.001
VAI1.25 (1.18–1.44)4.49 (3.42–5.42)< 0.001
Glucose (mmol/L)4.90 (4.70–5.10)5.40 (4.94–6.08)< 0.001
HbA1c (%)4.90 (4.80–5.10)5.35 (4.50–5.80)< 0.001
EDE-Q Global1.00 (0.90–1.00)3.80 (3.39–4.04)< 0.001
EE0.60 (0.50–0.60)2.04 (1.47–2.95)< 0.001
EX1.00 (0.90–1.00)3.00 (2.50–3.50)< 0.001
RE1.30 (1.20–1.30)3.00 (2.32–3.58)< 0.001

Participants were stratified using an EDE-Q global score threshold of 2.3 for descriptive purposes only. This threshold was not used in mediation analyses and has not been formally validated in Uzbek clinical populations. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range), as appropriate. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test due to non-normal distribution of variables. EDE-Q: Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire; BMI: body mass index; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; HSI: Hepatic Steatosis Index; VAI: Visceral Adiposity Index; EE: emotional eating; EX: external eating; RE: Restrained eating.