From:  Determination of citrinin and sterigmatocystin in human urine: a risk assessment of citrinin exposure in the Valencian population

 CIT concentration obtained in the most relevant studies conducted in other countries and in the present study.

Uncorrected (pg/mL)nCountryReference
Average (pg/mL)SDLOD (pg/mL)Occurrence (%)
2704802055154Bangladesh 1[45]
6070209270Bangladesh 2[38]
7204,620624050Bangladesh 3[46]
5,96027,430365120Nigeria[39]
7752708010Turkey[22]
4402101407250Tunisia[40]
3020208250Germany[38]
36292030100Germany[19]
31103272155Belgium[42]
58349259239Belgium[42]
262915932Belgium[20]
6135209850Czech Republic[47]
2170.753020SpainThis study

CIT: citrinin; LOD: limit of detection; n: number of samples; SD: standard deviation.