Exploration of Foods and Foodomics

Table 2. Thermal properties of canna starches from different origins measured by differential scanning calorimetry.

Origin	Variety/ecotype	Cultivated in (region/city)	Altitude (m.a.s.l)	Starch:water ratio (w/w)	T₀ (°C)	T_p (°C)	T_c (°C)	ΔH (J/g)	Reference
Bolivia	Purple	Cochabamba	2,300	1:3	61.5	65.6	70.0	15.4	[30]
Brazil	-	Conchal	591	1:3	67.6	71.2	77.4	14.5	[36]
Brazil	-	Botucatu	645*	1:3	65.4	70.1	74.8	14.2	[28]
Colombia	Nativa, Negra, Verde, and Morada	Huila, Nariño, and Cundinamarca	1,746–2,240	1:2	61.2–63.1	63.3–65.6	67.6–71.1	10.6–13.5	[23]
Colombia	Verde	Cundinamarca	2,291	1:3	59.9	63.7	71.6	14.0	[36]
Ecuador	-→†	Quito	2,930*	1:3	56.8	61.2	67.7	15.7	[44]
Venezuela	-	Trujillo, Venezuelan Andes	923*	-	58.9	63.6	72.1	9.4	[27]
China	-	-	-	1:3.5	59.7	64.2	71.9	9.5	[48]
China	-	-	-	1:3	60.0–60.6	66.8–67.8	73.9–75.7	14.8–15.1	[22]
Indonesia	Ganyong merah	Tulung Agung (East Java)	263*	3:11	64.1	69.8	77.5	11.4	[37]
Indonesia	-	Java	39*	1:2	67.4	70.0	78.9	18.7	[39]
Sri lanka	Buthsarana	Peradeniya	519*	1:3.3	68.7	71.3	-	20.1	[40]
Thailand	Vietnam-purple (different rhizome segments)	Rayong	38*	1:2	70.8–71.5	73.6–74.2	76.9–77.6	16.6–18.0	[12]
Thailand	Vietnam	Rayong	38*	1:2	69.2	71.9	74.8	15.1	[38]
Thailand	Japanese-green, Thai-green, and Thai-purple	Bangkok	4*	1:2	65.8–66.8	67.7–68.9	70.3–71.6	17.6–18.4	[3]
Vietnam	-	Northern part of Vietnam (unspecified region)	-	3:10	67.4	70.8	76.1	14.5	[45]
Vietnam	-	Hanoi	41*	1:3	66.4	70.1	74.0	16.9	[58]

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-: Not informed; *: not specified in the referenced work, indicative average values from https://en-gb.topographic-map.com/; †: CIP cultivar MH-1173.

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The use of images under Creative Commons licenses is gratefully acknowledged.

Author contributions

CD: Conceptualization, Writing—original draft. The author read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The author declares no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

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Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

All datasets generated for this study are included in the manuscript.

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