L. casei 1: Lacticaseibacillus casei 1; L. fermentum 13: Lactiplantibacillus fermentum 13; L. plantarum 1: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 1; L. acidophilus 9: Lactobacillus acidophilus 9; L. paracasei 6: Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans 6.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
References
Gagaoua M, Das AK, Fu Y, Dib AL, Nanda PK. Meat by-products as a source of bioactive peptides and functional ingredients: Regulatory and safety barriers to valorization.Curr Opin Green Sustain Chem. 2024;47:100910. [DOI]
Toldrá F, Reig M, Mora L. Management of meat by- and co-products for an improved meat processing sustainability.Meat Sci. 2021;181:108608. [DOI] [PubMed]
Toldrá F, Reig M. Innovations for healthier processed meats.Trends Food Sci Technol. 2011;22:517–22. [DOI]
Zhang W, Xiao S, Samaraweera H, Lee EJ, Ahn DU. Improving functional value of meat products.Meat Sci. 2010;86:15–31. [DOI] [PubMed]
Toldrá F, Aristoy MC, Mora L, Reig M. Innovations in value-addition of edible meat by-products.Meat Sci. 2012;92:290–6. [DOI] [PubMed]
Toldrá F, Mora L, Reig M. New insights into meat by-product utilization.Meat Sci. 2016;120:54–9. [DOI] [PubMed]
Lafarga T, Hayes M. Bioactive peptides from meat muscle and by-products: generation, functionality and application as functional ingredients.Meat Sci. 2014;98:227–39. [DOI] [PubMed]
López-Pedrouso M, Zaky AA, Lorenzo JM, Camiña M, Franco D. A review on bioactive peptides derived from meat and by-products: Extraction methods, biological activities, applications and limitations.Meat Sci. 2023;204:109278. [DOI] [PubMed]
Stadnik J, Kęska P. Meat and fermented meat products as a source of bioactive peptides.Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. 2015;14:181–90. [DOI] [PubMed]
Jayathilakan K, Sultana K, Radhakrishna K, Bawa AS. Utilization of byproducts and waste materials from meat, poultry and fish processing industries: a review.J Food Sci Technol. 2012;49:278–93. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Alibekov RS, Alibekova ZI, Bakhtybekova AR, Taip FS, Urazbayeva KA, Kobzhasarova ZI. Review of the slaughter wastes and the meat by-products recycling opportunities.Front Sustain Food Syst. 2024;8:1410640. [DOI]
Cardoso-Santiago RA, Arêas JAG. Nutritional evaluation of snacks obtained from chickpea and bovine lung blends.Food Chem. 2001;74:35–40. [DOI]
Jayawardena SR, Morton JD, Brennan CS, Bekhit AEDA. Utilisation of beef lung protein powder as a functional ingredient to enhance protein and iron content of fresh pasta.Int J Food Sci Technol. 2019;54:610–8. [DOI]
Torres-León C, Ramírez-Guzman N, Londoño-Hernandez L, Martinez-Medina GA, Díaz-Herrera R, Navarro-Macias V, et al. Food waste and byproducts: An opportunity to minimize malnutrition and hunger in developing countries.Front Sustain Food Syst. 2018;2:52. [DOI]
Moreira-Araújo RSR, Araújo MAM, Arêas JAG. Fortified food made by the extrusion of a mixture of chickpea, corn and bovine lung controls iron-deficiency anaemia in preschool children.Food Chem. 2008;107:158–64. [DOI]
Vanderlinde P, Horchner P, Huynh L, Jenson I. Microbiological Quality of Red Meat Offal Produced at Australian Export Establishments.Foods. 2022;11:3007. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Luo J, Yu Q, Han G, Zhang X, Shi H, Cao H. Identification of off-flavor compounds and deodorizing of cattle by-products.J Food Biochem. 2022;46:e14443. [DOI] [PubMed]
Llauger M, Claret A, Bou R, López-Mas L, Guerrero L. Consumer Attitudes toward Consumption of Meat Products Containing Offal and Offal Extracts.Foods. 2021;10:1454. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Jianfei Zhu, Chunhong Tang, inventors.Method for immersing beef omasum. Patent of China CN103340422A. 2013 Jul 30.
Luzan V, Lugovaya E, Syachinova N, inventor. Method of obtaining a dry natural food additive for the production of meat products.Patent of Russia 2471373 C1. 2013 Oct 1.
Paul C, Leser S, Oesser S. Significant Amounts of Functional Collagen Peptides Can Be Incorporated in the Diet While Maintaining Indispensable Amino Acid Balance.Nutrients. 2019;11:1079. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Brodkorb A, Egger L, Alminger M, Alvito P, Assunção R, Ballance S, et al. INFOGEST static in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal food digestion.Nat Protoc. 2019;14:991–1014. [DOI] [PubMed]
Sousa R, Portmann R, Dubois S, Recio I, Egger L. Protein digestion of different protein sources using the INFOGEST static digestion model.Food Res Int. 2020;130:108996. [DOI] [PubMed]
Jia N, Zhang W, Wu L, Chang Y, Hou H, Wang Y. Structural properties and gastrointestinal digestion fate of collagen fibrils covalently connected with fucosylated chondroitin sulfate derived from sea cucumber.J Funct Foods. 2023;104:105522. [DOI]
Darine S, Christophe V, Gholamreza D. Production and functional properties of beef lung protein concentrates.Meat Sci. 2010;84:315–22. [DOI] [PubMed]
Bittel RJ, Graham PP. The Use of Mechanically Separated Spleen in Meat Patties.J Food Sci. 1981;46:1272–3. [DOI]
Lam RSH, Nickerson MT. Food proteins: a review on their emulsifying properties using a structure-function approach.Food Chem. 2013;141:975–84. [DOI] [PubMed]
Özer CO, Var GB, Gerçekaslan KE, Demir Özer E. Utilization of beef lung powder in model chicken emulsion formulation.Food Sci Nutr. 2024;12:9035–45. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Giro TM, Zubov SS, Yashin AV, Giro AV, Preobrazhensky VA. Biomodification of collagen-containing by-products by enzymatic hydrolysis.Food Process Tech. 2019;49:262–9. [DOI]
Munekata PES, Pateiro M, Tomasevic I, Domínguez R, da Silva Barretto AC, Santos EM, et al. Functional fermented meat products with probiotics—A review.J Appl Microbiol. 2022;133:91–103. [DOI] [PubMed]
Savinova YS, Belkova NL, Semenova NV, Rychkova LV. History, current trends and prospects for the development of pro- and prebiotic drugs in Russia and abroad.Acta Biomed Sci. 2022;7:211–27. Russian. [DOI]
Murata R, Shim YY, Kim YJ, Reaney MJT, Tse TJ. Exploring lactic acid bacteria in food, human health, and agriculture.Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2025;65:8122–48. [DOI] [PubMed]
Klayraung S, Okonogi S. Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Acid and Bile Resistant Strains of Lactobacillus fermentum Isolated from Miang.Braz J Microbiol. 2009;40:757–66. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
da Costa WKA, de Souza GT, Brandão LR, de Lima RC, Garcia EF, Dos Santos Lima M, et al. Exploiting antagonistic activity of fruit-derived Lactobacillus to control pathogenic bacteria in fresh cheese and chicken meat.Food Res Int. 2018;108:172–82. [DOI] [PubMed]
Stoyanova LG, Ustyugova EA, Netrusov AI. Antimicrobial metabolites of lactic acid bacteria: diversity and properties.Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol. 2012;48:259–75. Russian. [PubMed]
Alvarez-Sieiro P, Montalbán-López M, Mu D, Kuipers OP. Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria: extending the family.Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016;100:2939–51. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Ortolani MBT, Moraes PM, Perin LM, Viçosa GN, Carvalho KG, Silva Júnior A, et al. Molecular identification of naturally occurring bacteriocinogenic and bacteriocinogenic-like lactic acid bacteria in raw milk and soft cheese.J Dairy Sci. 2010;93:2880–6. [DOI] [PubMed]
Ishtiaq N, Ahmed S. Probiotic potential and antimicrobial efficacy of exopolysaccharide-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from yoghurt.Explor Foods Foodomics. 2025;3:101075. [DOI]
Pendyukhova AS, Belkova NL, Savinova JS, Voropaeva NM, Smurova NE, Klimenko ES, et al. Probiotic consortiums: structure and antagonistic activity against opportunistic bacteria and human normobiota (using the example of Escherichia coli) in vitro.Acta Biomed Sci. 2023;8:20–31. Russian. [DOI]
Pendyukhova AS, Belkova NL, Okhotina YS, Ivanchikov EA, Shchekotova AV, Semenova NV, et al. Antagonistic activity of monocultures and consortia of lactobacilli against multidrug-resistant isolates of opportunistic bacteria as a screening of their probiotic potential.Acta Biomed Sci. 2024;9:121–9. Russian. [DOI]
Volkova GS, Kuksova EV, Serba EM. Investigation of biological interstrains and growing properties of lactic acid bacteria production strains.In: Actual issues of the dairy industry, intersectoral technologies and quality management systems. Moscow: All-Russian Dairy Research Institute; 2020. pp. 104–9. Russian. [DOI]
González-González F, Delgado S, Ruiz L, Margolles A, Ruas-Madiedo P. Functional bacterial cultures for dairy applications: Towards improving safety, quality, nutritional and health benefit aspects.J Appl Microbiol. 2022;133:212–29. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Kirilenko MA, Kuznetsov OYu, inventor. Method for obtaining the preparation of Lactobacterin.RF Patent 2 661 737. 2018 Jul 19.
Chen WB, Zhang C. An automated bacterial colony counting and classification system.Inf Syst Front. 2009;11:349–68. [DOI]
Simpson PJ, Fitzgerald GF, Stanton C, Ross RP. The evaluation of a mupirocin-based selective medium for the enumeration of bifidobacteria from probiotic animal feed.J Microbiol Methods. 2004;57:9–16. [DOI] [PubMed]
Biesta-Peters EG, Reij MW, Joosten H, Gorris LGM, Zwietering MH. Comparison of two optical-density-based methods and a plate count method for estimation of growth parameters of Bacillus cereus.Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010;76:1399–405. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Kowalska JD, Nowak A, Śliżewska K, Stańczyk M, Łukasiak M, Dastych J. Anti-Salmonella Potential of New Lactobacillus Strains with the Application in the Poultry Industry.Pol J Microbiol. 2020;69:5–18. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Leska A, Nowak A, Szulc J, Motyl I, Czarnecka-Chrebelska KH. Antagonistic Activity of Potentially Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria against Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.Pathogens. 11:1367. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Jia L, Kosgey JC, Wang J, Yang J, Nyamao RM, Zhao Y, et al. Antimicrobial and mechanism of antagonistic activity of Bacillus sp. A2 against pathogenic fungus and bacteria: The implication on honey’s regulatory mechanism on host’s microbiota.Food Sci Nutr. 2020;8:4857–67. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Kishilova SA, Terekhova RP, Rozhkova IV, Yurova EA. Comparative evaluation of the antagonistic activity of collection lactobacilli against the multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.Vopr Pitan. 2023;92:120–7. Russian. [DOI] [PubMed]
Sarker SD, Nahar L, Kumarasamy Y. Microtitre plate-based antibacterial assay incorporating resazurin as an indicator of cell growth, and its application in the in vitro antibacterial screening of phytochemicals.Methods. 2007;42:321–4. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Chistiakova DA, Melkumyan AR, Shafikova AA, Achkasov SI. Modern methods of determining antagonistic activity of microorganisms (systematic review).Lab Serv. 2025;14:33–9. Russian. [DOI]
Funk IA, Irkitova AN. Evaluation of the antagonistic activity of collection strains Lactobacillus plantarum.Acta Biol Sibirica. 2015;1:85–93. Russian. [DOI]
Berghaus LJ, Giguère S, Guldbech K, Warner E, Ugorji U, Berghaus RD. Comparison of Etest, disk diffusion, and broth macrodilution for in vitro susceptibility testing of Rhodococcus equi.J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53:314–8. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Cheng Z, Wu T. TLC bioautography: high throughput technique for screening of bioactive natural products.Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2013;16:531–49. [DOI] [PubMed]
Nuthan BR, Rakshith D, Marulasiddaswamy KM, Rao HCY, Ramesha KP, Mohana NC, et al. Application of Optimized and Validated Agar Overlay TLC-Bioautography Assay for Detecting the Antimicrobial Metabolites of Pharmaceutical Interest.J Chromatogr Sci. 2020;58:737–46. [DOI] [PubMed]
Hossain TJ. Methods for screening and evaluation of antimicrobial activity: A review of protocols, advantages, and limitations.Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp). 2024;14:97–115. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Alvarez-Barrientos A, Arroyo J, Cantón R, Nombela C, Sánchez-Pérez M. Applications of flow cytometry to clinical microbiology.Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000;13:167–95. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Robinson GM, Tonks KM, Thorn RMS, Reynolds DM. Application of bacterial bioluminescence to assess the efficacy of fast-acting biocides.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011;55:5214–20. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Pitruzzello G, Johnson S, Krauss TF. Exploring the fundamental limit of antimicrobial susceptibility by near-single-cell electrical impedance spectroscopy.Biosens Bioelectron. 2023;224:115056. [DOI] [PubMed]
Spencer DC, Paton TF, Mulroney KT, Inglis TJJ, Sutton JM, Morgan H. A fast impedance-based antimicrobial susceptibility test.Nat Commun. 2020;11:5328. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Klewicka E, Libudzisz Z. Antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria toward selected food-contaminating bacteria.Pol J Food Nutr Sci. 2004;2:169–74.
Peng W, Zhang X, Qi Q, Liang Q. Advances in adaptive laboratory evolution applications for Escherichia coli.Synth Syst Biotechnol. 2025;10:1306–21. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Borovkova KE. Antimicrobial Resistance Development In Vitro: Adaptive Laboratory Evolution Method (Review).Regul Res Med Eval. 2025;15:24–33. Russian. [DOI]
Scanlon TC, Dostal SM, Griswold KE. A high-throughput screen for antibiotic drug discovery.Biotechnol Bioeng. 2014;111:232–43. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Salgado J, Rayner J, Ojkic N. Advancing antibiotic discovery with bacterial cytological profiling: a high-throughput solution to antimicrobial resistance.Front Microbiol. 2025;16:1536131. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Hatti-Kaul R, Chen L, Dishisha T, Enshasy HE. Lactic acid bacteria: from starter cultures to producers of chemicals.FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2018;365. [DOI] [PubMed]
Tarifa MC, Agustín MDR, Brugnoni LI. Biological control of foodborne pathogens by lactic acid bacteria: A focus on juice processing industries.Rev Argent Microbiol. 2023;55:378–86. [DOI] [PubMed]
Prabhurajeshwar C, Chandrakanth RK. Probiotic potential of Lactobacilli with antagonistic activity against pathogenic strains: An in vitro validation for the production of inhibitory substances.Biomed J. 2017;40:270–83. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Kamal RM, Alnakip ME, Abd El Aal SF, Bayoumi MA. Bio-controlling capability of probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus against some common foodborne pathogens in yoghurt.Int Dairy J. 2018;85:1–7. [DOI]
Vignolo GM, Suriani F, Pesce de Ruiz Holgado A, Oliver G. Antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus strains isolated from dry fermented sausages.J Appl Bacteriol. 1993;75:344–9. [DOI] [PubMed]