From:  Characterising dysfunctional breathing in patients with asthma by quantifying breathing pattern parameters

 The differences in the within-subject variability of examined breathing pattern parameters between asthma patients with DB and those without.

Examined variablePatients with DB (N = 38)Patients with NDB (N = 84)Mann-Whitney Up-valuea
MMin–maxMMin–max
CoV% RR13.803.21–28.707.420.00–20.50606< 0.001
CoV% Ti24.609.62–38.4017.309.58–37.00666< 0.001
CoV% Te27.3015.30–50.0018.5010.20–35.50542< 0.001
CoV% Ti/Ttot18.607.60–30.8015.007.38–29.10975< 0.001
CoV% RCampinsp/ABampinsp26.8010.40–57.8016.507.48–47.30572< 0.001

ABampinsp: abdominal amplitude during inspiration phase; CoV%: coefficient of variation expressed in percentage; DB: dysfunctional breathing; M: median values; NDB: non-dysfunctional breathing; RCampinsp: ribcage amplitude during inspiration phase; RR: respiratory rate; Te: expiration time; Ti: inspiration time; Ttot: total breath cycle duration. a: significant result at p < 0.01 after Bonferroni correction with adjusted alpha level.