Exploration of Asthma & Allergy

Test name	Result	Normal range	Interpretation
Immunoglobulin E	157 kU/L	< 100 kU/L	Increased
Cod extract IgE	< 0.1 kU/L	< 0.1 kU/L	Negative
Anisakis extract IgE	< 0.1 kU/L	< 0.1 kU/L	Negative
Shrimp extract IgE	< 0.1 kU/L	< 0.1 kU/L	Negative
Gad c 1 IgE	< 0.1 kU/L	< 0.1 kU/L	Negative
Pen a 1 IgE	< 0.1 kU/L	< 0.1 kU/L	Negative
Basal tryptase	3 ng/mL	< 5 ng/mL	Normal

Declarations

Author contributions

CPR: Conceptualization, Methodology, Data curation, Project administration, Writing—original draft. MC: Resources, Data curation, Writing—original draft. AB, ACG, and EB: Methodology, Resources, Investigation. LC, VGRO, and EI: Data curation, Validation, Supervision, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The study complies with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical review for the case report study is not required according to the local committee.

Consent to participate

Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from the participant.

Consent to publication

Informed consent to publication was obtained from the participant.

Availability of data and materials

Data supporting the findings of this study are available upon request from the corresponding author.

Funding

This research received no external funding.

Copyright

Publisher’s note

Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.

References

Feng C, Teuber S, Gershwin ME. Histamine (Scombroid) Fish Poisoning: a Comprehensive Review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2016;50:64–9. [DOI] [PubMed]

Demoncheaux JP, Michel R, Mazenot C, Duflos G, Iacini C, de Laval F, et al. A large outbreak of scombroid fish poisoning associated with eating yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) at a military mass catering in Dakar, Senegal. Epidemiol Infect. 2012;140:1008–12. [DOI] [PubMed]

Katugaha SB, Carter AC, Desai S, Soto P. Severe scombroid poisoning and life-threatening hypotension. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14:e241507. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

Ascione A, Barresi LS, Sarullo FM, Silvestre GD. Two cases of “scombroid syndrome” with severe cardiovascular compromise. Cardiologia. 1997;42:1285–8. Italian. [PubMed]

D’Aloia A, Vizzardi E, Della Pina P, Bugatti S, Del Magro F, Raddino R, et al. A scombroid poisoning causing a life-threatening acute pulmonary edema and coronary syndrome in a young healthy patient. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2011;11:280–3. [DOI] [PubMed]

Manjur JE, Ciuffo MM, Burdowski J, George S, Kalogeropoulos A, Chen O. Scombroid Fish Poisoning Leading to Vasospastic Angina: A Rare Etiology of Chest Pain. JACC Case Rep. 2019;1:322–6. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

Kounis NG, Patsouras N, Grapsas N, Hahalis G. Histamine induced coronary artery spasm, fish consumption and Kounis syndrome. Int J Cardiol. 2015;193:39–41. [DOI] [PubMed]

Cucunato M, Cannavà G, Currò A. Acute coronary syndrome and scombroid syndrome. Int J Cardiol. 2015;187:317–8. [DOI] [PubMed]

Wille JJ, Kydonieus AF, Murphy GF. cis-urocanic acid induces mast cell degranulation and release of preformed TNF-alpha: A possible mechanism linking UVB and cis-urocanic acid to immunosuppression of contact hypersensitivity. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 1999;12:18–27. [DOI] [PubMed]

10.

Zakka K, Gadi S, Koshlelashvili N, Maleque NM. Acute myocardial injury after administration of intravenous epinephrine for allergic reaction. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2020;8:2050313X20933104. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

11.

Lehane L, Olley J. Histamine fish poisoning revisited. Int J Food Microbiol. 2000;58:1–37. [DOI] [PubMed]

12.

Greiwe J. Quality of life and psychological issues associated with food allergy. J Food Allergy. 2023;5:43–8. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

13.

Casale TB, Warren C, Gupta S, Schuldt R, Wang R, Iqbal A, et al. The mental health burden of food allergies: Insights from patients and their caregivers from the Food Allergy Research & Education (FARE) Patient Registry. World Allergy Organ J. 2024;17:100891. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]