Exploration of Drug Science

Table 1. Some characteristic virulence factors of pathogenic bacteria

Virulence factor	Activity	Bacteria	Reference
Diphtheria toxin	Toxins	Clostridium diphtheriae	[6]
Choleric toxin		Vibrio cholerae	[7]
CyaA		Bordetella pertussis	[8]
HlyA, CNF-1		Escherichia coli	[9]
Type I fimbria	Adhesins	Escherichia coli	[10]
Pili	Adhesins	Neisseria gonorrhoeae	[11]
Coagulase, hialurodinase	Degradative enzymes	Staphylococcus aureus	[12]
Enterobactin	Siderophore	Escherichia coli	[10]
Polysaccharide	Capsule	Streptococcus pneumoniae	[13]
Polyribosyl-ribitol phosphate	Capsule	Haemophilus influenzae	[14]
Protein A	Immune evasion proteins	Staphylococcus aureus	[15]
Protein M	Immune evasion proteins	Streptococcus pyogenes	[16]
Flagellum	Motility	Helicobacter pylori	[17]
ActA	Motility	Listeria monocytogenes	[18]

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HlyA: alpha-hemolysin; CNF-1: cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The author thanks Mario Ramos for the graphical designs.

Author contributions

VH: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—review & editing, Writing—original draft.

Conflicts of interest

The author declares that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

This work was supported by Fundación Florencio Fiorini Grant [2023-2024] and by Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) Grant number [M247]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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