Studies are categorized by participant population, electrophysiological implant type, research question, use of behavioral modeling, cross-region synchronization analysis, and regions of interest. Percentages indicate the proportion of studies within each category. Neocortical and subcortical regions are listed separately. DBS: deep brain stimulation; dlPFC: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; dmPFC: dorsomedial prefrontal cortex; FSCV: fast-scan cyclic voltammetry; OFC: orbitofrontal cortex; SNr: substantia nigra reticulata; vmPFC: ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
Declarations
Acknowledgments
The author sincerely thanks Lawrence Hunt and Ignacio Saez for their thoughtful and constructive comments on the Oxford thesis work that formed the basis of this review. Deep gratitude is also extended to Mark Woolrich, Huiling Tan, Chet Gohil, Mats van Es, Julio Chapeton, Zane Xie, and Ashwin Ramayya for their insightful perspectives, which improved the conceptual development of this work. While this work emphasizes the unique insights afforded by human intracranial recordings, increasingly even more precise approaches targeting circuits at the level of specific cell types and receptors are emerging as powerful ways to unravel and modulate brain processes.
Author contributions
APST: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. The author read and approved the submitted version.
Conflicts of interest
The author declares no conflicts of interest related to this work.
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
No new data were generated or analyzed in support of this review. All cited data are publicly available in the referenced publications.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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