Depression and cognition of non-Met and Met carriers.
| Outcomes | Non-Met carriers (n = 77), mean (SD) | Met carriers (n = 12), mean (SD) | P values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Depression | |||
| CES-D | 16.9 (12.6) | 24.2 (14.8) | 0.08 |
| Cognition | |||
| MoCA | 20.7 (5.2) | 19.8 (7.5) | 0.60 |
| HVLT (verbal learning and memory) | |||
| Total recall | 19.9 (5.9) | 18.2 (5.5) | 0.38 |
| Delayed | 6.5 (3.4) | 5.1 (3.5) | 0.22 |
| Retention % | 75.2 (26.7) | 61.6 (32.9) | 0.15 |
| WAIS-R digit (processing speed) | 35.7 (16.4) | 30.7 (21.3) | 0.39 |
| D-KEFS (executive function) | |||
| Color naming | |||
| Time | 40.2 (17.2) | 52.1 (17.4) | 0.28 |
| Uncorrected | 0.7 (1.7) | 3.2 (6.4) | 0.23 |
| Self-corrected | 0.9 (1.2) | 1.6 (1.8) | 0.29 |
| Word reading | |||
| Time | 34.6 (16.8) | 43.2 (20.5) | 0.12 |
| Uncorrected | 0.2 (0.9) | 0.9 (2.8) | 0.43 |
| Self-corrected | 0.3 (0.7) | 0.5 (1.0) | 0.40 |
| Inhibition | |||
| Time | 90.4 (39.8) | 101.6 (45.9) | 0.41 |
| Uncorrected | 3.3 (6.0) | 4.5 (5.8) | 0.54 |
| Self-corrected | 2.3 (2.5) | 2.4 (3.7) | 0.90 |
| Inhibition switching | |||
| Time | 104.1 (40.5) | 113.7 (55.3) | 0.52 |
| Uncorrected | 5.7 (6.6) | 5.0 (7.0) | 0.76 |
| Self-corrected | 1.6 (1.6) | 2.6 (3.5) | 0.46 |
CES-D: Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression; MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment; HVLT: Hopkins Verbal Learning Test; WAIS-R: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; D-KEFS: Delis-Kaplan Executive Function Test.
We would like to acknowledge Pauline Portes, a former MD/MPH student at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, for her work in the matching analysis.
ET: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing—original draft. GJF: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing—review & editing. LTS: Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing—review & editing. LJC: Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing—review & editing. SK: Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing—review & editing. CBW: Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing—review & editing. DL: Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing—review & editing. TR: Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
Both main and ancillary studies were approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (IRB# 20140203). The study was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov (Unique Identifier: NCT02272426).
All participants provided informed consent to participate in the study.
Not applicable.
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
This work was supported by the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association/Bugher Foundation and the McKnight Brain Institute. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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