Recent preclinical and clinical evidence linking short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to periodontal outcomes.
Model/population
SCFA-related intervention
Periodontal-associated outcomes
Evidence level
Reference
Mouse FMT study
Feces from high-fat diet/obese donor mice transferred to recipients
Recipients developed elevated serum uric acid, systemic inflammation, and increased alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis compared with controls
High local butyrate/propionate exposure as periodontopathic bacterial metabolites
Butyrate/propionate induced epithelial cell death via HDAC inhibition, associated with enhanced autophagy and reactive oxygen species, leading to barrier disruption and cytotoxicity
Summary of recent preclinical and clinical evidence on SCFAs in periodontal disease. The table outlines experimental models, SCFA-related interventions or measurements, key periodontal outcomes, and levels of evidence. SCFA effects reflect either beneficial systemic immunomodulation or pathological local effects at elevated periodontal concentrations. FMT: fecal microbiota transplantation; GCF: gingival crevicular fluid; HDAC: histone deacetylase.
Declarations
Author contributions
DG: Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. AY: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. DP: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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