Strengths (S)

• Rapid design and development cycle

• Non-integrative into the host genome minimizes the genomic risk

• Strong immunogenicity with flexible antigen targeting

• Scalable, cell-free synthetic production

• Advanced delivery systems improve targeting and uptake

Weaknesses (W)

• High instability of mRNA; prone to degradation

• Innate immune activation may cause adverse reactions

• Currently, high production costs compared to traditional platforms

Opportunities (O)

• Expansion into cancer, autoimmune, and personalized vaccines

• Pandemic preparedness using rapid-response platforms

• Increased global funding and infrastructure investment

OS strategy

• Leverage rapid development and scalable production to expand into personalized and cancer vaccines

OW strategy

• Address instability and cold storage limitations by investing in thermostable mRNA formulations

Threats (T)

• Viral mutations that reduce vaccine effectiveness

• Competition from other vaccine technologies

• Regulatory uncertainty for novel delivery systems

• Public vaccine hesitancy is reducing coverage

• Supply chain bottlenecks (e.g., raw materials, lipids)

TS strategy

• Use strong immunogenicity and delivery systems to counter emerging viral variants and maintain efficacy

TW

• Mitigate high costs and public mistrust through policy incentives and public education campaigns targeting misinformation