Clinical and demographic characteristics of the study groups
Category
Controls(n = 200)Mean ± SD
95% CI
Patients(n = 200)Mean ± SD
95% CI
P value
Age (years)
23.346 ± 2.398
17.326–27.212
24.320 ± 1.819
17.321–31.235
0.023
Hb (g/dL)
10.899 ± 0.254
8.235–12.291
11.894 ± 1.293
8.991–13.313
0.544
BMI (kg/m2)
26.129 ± 3.391
23.917–27.120
27.250 ± 3.320
24.175–32.189
0.678
Age at menarche (years)
12.010 ± 1.212
10.102–14.231
12.960 ± 1.120
10.452–15.022
0.019
Age at first conception (years)
20.754 ± 2.633
18.179–23.213
21.658 ± 3.15
18.899–24.211
0.235
Mean gestational age (months)
5.890 ± 0.711
3.900–7.660
6.261 ± 2.010
4.100–8.040
0.385
t-test was carried out for clinical and demographic data. Hb: hemoglobin; BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval
Declarations
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the blood donors who have helped us with this study. During the preparation of this work, authors used the Quillbot for improving the readability and fluency of the language. After using the Quillbot, authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.
Author contributions
RB: Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Writing—original draft, Data curation, Formal analysis. SJ: Data curation, Formal analysis. FR: Writing—review & editing. RB: Methodology, Resources. PJ: Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. Prior to submission, the work was reviewed and approved by all authors.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
This study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee from Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana-500028, India (Ethical approval reference no: Reg No: ECR/300/Inst/AP/2013/RR-16).
Consent to participate
Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.
Consent to publication
Not applicable
Availability of data and materials
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this manuscript will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation, to any qualified researcher.
Funding
This research was funded by the Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR ID no. [2019-1022]), New Delhi, India. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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