Table Info

Table 2.

Current development status of COVID-19 vaccine

Sr No	Vaccine platform	Country	Manufacturer	Development phase	Route of administration	Number of doses	Registration number	References
1	Nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) Vaccine	India	Cadila Healthcare Limited	Phase 3	ID	3	ZyCoV-D (2541524-47-2)	[33, 69–71]
		Japan	Osaka University/AnGes/Takara Bio	Phase 2/3	IM	2	AG0301-COVID19 (2541593-92-2); AG0302-COVID19 (2541593-93-3)
		USA	Inovio Pharmaceuticals/International Vaccine Institute	Phase 2/3	ID	3	INO-4800 (2535490-43-6)
		Italy	Takis/Rottapharm Biotech	Phase 1/2	IM	*	COVID-eVax
		Australia	University of Sydney/Bionet Co LtdTechnovalia	Phase 1	IM	2	COVIGEN
		South Korea	GeneOne Life science Inc	Phase 1/2	ID	2	GLS-5310
		Canada	Entos Pharmaceuticals Inc	Phase 1	IM	2	Covigenix VAX-001
		USA	Providence Health and Service	Phase 1	ID	2	CORVax
		Canada	Symvivo	Phase 1	Oral	1	bac-TRL S
		South Korea	Genexine Consortium	Phase 1/2	IM	2	GX-19 (2541485678)
		India	Cadila Healthcare Limited	Phase 3	ID	3	ZyCov-D (2541524472)
		Japan	Osaka University/AnGes/Takara Bio	Phase 2/3	IM	2	AG0301-COVID 19 (2541593922), AG0302-COVID 19 (2541593933)
		USA	Inovio Pharmaceuticals/International Vaccine Institute	Phase 2/3	ID	2	INO-4800 (2535490436)
		Canada	Providence Therapeutics	Phase 1	IM	2	PTX-COVID 19-B
		Thailand	Chulangkorn University	Phase 1	IM	2	ChulaCov19
		China	Shulan (Hangzhou) Center for Disease Control and prevention of Gaungxi Zhuang Autonomous Region	Phase 1	IM	2	SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
		UK	Imperial college London	Phase 1	IM	2	LNP-nCoVsaRNA (2545641-90-3)
		USA/Singapore	Arcturus/Duke-NUS	Phase 2	ND	*	ARCT-021 (2541451-24-3)
		Germany	Curevac	Phase 3	IM	2	CVNCOV (2541470-90-8)
2	Live-attenuated virus	India	Codagenix/Serum Institute of India	Phase 1	IN	2	COVI-VAC
3	Inactivated Virus	India	Bharat Biotech	Phase 3	IM	2	Covaxin/BBV152 (2501889-19-4)
		Iran	Shifa Pharmed Industrial Co	Phase 1	IM	2	*
		China	Sinovac	Phase 4	IM	2	CoronaVac (2480309-93-9)
		China	Wuhan Institute of Biological Products/Sinopharm	Phase 3	IM	2	*
		China	Beijing Institute of Biological Products/Sinopharm	Phase 3	IM	2	BBIBP-CorV (2503126-65-4)
		China	Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Co	Phase 2	IM	1-3	*
		China	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences	Phase 3	IM	2	*
		Kazakhstan	Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems	Phase 3	IM	2 QazCovid-in (2541708-50-1)
		UK	Valneva, National Institute for Health Research	Phase 1/2	IM	2	VLA2001
		Turkey	Erciyes University	Phase 1	IM	2	ERUCOV-VAC
4	Virus-Like Particle	India	SpyBiotech/Serum Institute of India	Phase 1/2	IM	2	*
4	Virus-Like Particle	Canada	Medicago Inc	Phase 2/3	IM	2	*
4	Virus-Like Particle	India	SpyBiotech/Serum Institute of India	Phase 1/2	IM	2	*
4	Virus-Like Particle	Canada	Medicago Inc	Phase 2/3	IM	2	*
5	Replicating Viral Vector	USA	Aivita Biomedical, Inc	Phase 1/2	IM	1	Dendritic cell vaccine AV-COVID-19
		Thailand	Mahidol University; The Government Pharmaceutical Organization; Icahn School of Medicine	Phase 1/2	IM	2	NDV-HXP-S, Newcastle disease virus vector
		South Korea	Cellid Co, Ltd	Phase 1/2	IM	1	AdCLD-CoV19
		China	Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control	Phase 2	IN	1	DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT1 (Intranasal flu-based-RBD)
		China	Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute	Phase 1	SC	3	COVID-19/aAPC vaccine
		Israel	Israel Institute for Biological Research/Weizmann Institute of Science	Phase 1/2	IM	1	VSV-S
6	Nonreplicating viral vector	India	Bharat Biotech International Limited	Phase 1	IN	1	BBV154
		USA	ImmunityBio, Inc and NantKwest Inc	Phase 1	Oral	1	hAd5-COVID-19/ hAd5-S-Fusion+ N-ETSD
		USA	Johnson and Johnson	Phase 3	IM	1-2	Ad26.COV2.S/JNJ-78436735 (2541607-046-7)
		USA	City of Hope	Phase 1	IM	1-2	COH04S1
		USA	Vaxart	Phase 1	Oral	2	VXA-CoV2-1 (2543668-36-4)
		USA	Altimmune, Inc	Phase 1	IN	1-2	AdCOVID
		UK	University of Oxford/AstraZeneca	Phase 4	IM	1-2	AZD1222; ChAdOx1-S; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (2499737-08-3)
		Russia	Gamaleya Research Institute	Phase 3	IM	2	rAd26-S+rAd5-S/Gam-COVID-Vac/Sputnik V (2541629-85-8)
		China	CanSino Biological Inc/Beijing Institute of Biotechnology	Phase 3	IM	2	Ad5 nCoV (2540656-88-8)
		Belgium	ReiThera (Italy)/LEUKOCARE (Germany)/Univercells	Phase 1	IM	1	Gard-CoV2 (2543636-44-6)
		Germany	Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich	Phase 1	IM	2	MVA-SARS-2-S (2543700-32-7)
		China	Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute	Phase 1/2	SC & IV	1	LV-SMENP-DC vaccine
7	Protein Subunit	India	Biological E Ltd	Phase 1/2	IM	2	*
		USA and Netherlands	University Medical Center Groningen + Akston Biosciences Inc	Phase 1/2	SC and IM	1	SARS-CoV-2-RBD-Fc fusion protein
		USA	Novavax	Phase 3	IM	2	NVX-CoV2373 (2502099-58-1)
		USA	Kentucky Bioprocessing, Inc	Phase 1	IM	2	KBP-COVID-19/KBP-201 (2543206-35-3)
		China/UK/USA	Clover Biopharmaceuticals Inc/GSK/Dynavax	Phase 2/3	IM	2	SCB-2019 (2541906-99-2)
		France/UK	Sanofi Pasteur/GSK	Phase 1/2	IM	2	*
		China	Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical/Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences	Phase 3	IM	2/3	ZF 2001 (2609662-31-7)
		China	West China Hospital, Sichuan University	Phase 2	IM	2	*
		Australia/South Korea	Vaxine Pty Ltd/Medytox	Phase 1	IM	1	COVAX-19 (2543231-22-5)
		Cuba	Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology	Phase 1/2	IM	3	Soberana 02 (2543416-58-4)
		Taiwan/USA	Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corporation/NIAID/Dynavax	Phase 2	IM	2	MVC-COV1901 (2565776-92-1)
		Germany	University Hospital Tuebingen	Phase 1	SC	1	CoVAC-1 (2543517-71-9)
		Taiwan	Adimmune Corporation	Phase 1	ND	*	*
		Taiwan	COVAXX (USA)/United Biomedical Inc Asia	Phase 2/3	IM	2	UB-612 (2543531-06-0)
		Russia	FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo	Phase 1/2	IM	2	*
		Canada	University of Saskatchewan	Phase 1/2	IM	2	COVAC-1 and COVAC-2 subunit vaccine (S protein) + SWE adjuvant
		Iran	Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute	Phase 1	IM/IN	3	Razi Cov Pars, recombinant S protein
		South Korea	SK Bioscience Co, Ltd	Phase 1/2	IM	2	GBP510

data not reported; Sr No: serial number; Bio: biotechnology; IM: intramuscular; IN: intranasal; SC: subcutaneous; ID: intradermal; IV: intravenous; Ltd: limited; ND: not disclosed; Co: company; Inc: incorporated

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The authors want to acknowledge and thank their institute, MET’s Institute of Pharmacy, BKC, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Adgaon, Nashik for providing technical support and facilities to complete this work.

Author contributions

EDA conceptualized the content of the manuscript and contributed in drafting the manuscript. SJK reviewed and edited the final manuscript.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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