Table Info

Table 1.

Patients’ clinical, echocardiography, SE and coronary flow velocity characteristics

Variables	Overall (n = 3,014)	Group 1 (n = 903)	Group 2 (n = 1,204)	Group 3 (n = 693)	Group 4 (n = 113)	Group 5 (n = 101)	P value
Age	59 ± 11	56 ± 9	59 ± 11	61 ± 11	60 ± 11	58 ± 13	< 0.0001
Male sex	1,651 (54.8%)	582 (64.4%)	599 (49.8%)	357 (51.5%)	65 (57.5%)	48 (47.5%)	< 0.0001
BSA (m²)	1.96 ± 0.21	1.98 ± 0.21	1.96 ± 0.20	1.96 ± 0.22	1.95 ± 0.23	1.93 ± 0.24	0.103
BMI (kg/m²)	28.6 ± 4.5	28.9 ± 4.6	28.6 ± 4.6	28.6 ± 4.3	27.4 ± 3.9	27.8 ± 4.6	< 0.006
Hypertension, n (%)	2,326 (77.2%)	717 (79.4%)	835 (69.4%)	600 (86.6%)	98 (86.7%)	76 (75.2%)	< 0.0001
Diabetes, n (%)	389 (12.9%)	127 (14.1%)	134 (11.1%)	105 (15.2%)	13 (11.5%)	10 (9.9%)	0.090
LBBB, n (%)	130 (4.3%)	50 (5.5%)	40 (3.3%)	31 (4.4%)	7 (6.2%)	2 (2.0%)	0.057
PCI, n (%)	587 (19.5%)	83 (9.2%)	290 (24.1%)	169 (24.4%)	31 (27.4%)	14 (13.9%)	< 0.0001
CABG, n (%)	173 (5.7%)	31 (3.4%)	65 (5.4%)	68 (9.8%)	8 (7.1%)	1 (1.0%)	< 0.0001
Previous MI	838 (27.8%)	348 (38.5%)	282 (23.4%)	169 (24.4%)	23 (20.4%)	16 (15.8%)	< 0.0001
HtR (bpm) rest	72.5 ± 12.2	73.2 ± 12.6	71.6 ± 12.0	73.2 ± 12.5	70.5 ± 11.1	74.0 ± 12.4	< 0.004
SBP (mmHg)	132.4 ± 17.3	132.5 ± 17.2	134.9 ± 17.4	128.8 ± 17.9	129.8 ± 12.8	129.9 ± 11.8	< 0.0001
EF at rest (%)	63.0 ± 9.0	62.3 ± 11.2	63.9 ± 7.8	62.8 ± 8.5	61.9 ± 6.8	65.9 ± 7.4	< 0.0004
AF during test, n (%)	96 (3.2%)	19 (2.1%)	35 (2.9%)	32 (4.6%)	5 (4.4%)	5 (5.0%)	< 0.05
Exercise capscity, Wt	100 (75–125)	100 (75–150)	100 (75–125)	75 (75–125)	75 (50–125)	75 (50–125)	< 0.0001
Ischemia, n (%)	1,546 (51.3%)	473 (52.4%)	646 (53.7%)	312 (45.0%)	55 (48.7%)	60 (59.4%)	< 0.003
HtR (bpm) peak	125.8 ± 20.8	129.6 ± 20.3	124.7 ± 21.4	122.8 ± 20.3	121.9 ± 18.4	130.4 ± 19.2	< 0.0001
LAD velocity at rest, cm/s	32.5 ± 13.0	34.7 ± 13.1	33.1 ± 13.3	29.7 ± 12.1	28.4 ± 9.4	31.7 ± 15.2	< 0.0001
LAD velocity at peak, cm/s	61.3 ± 21.1	64.7 ± 25.3	62.6 ± 19.9	57.0 ± 19.2	54.7 ± 19.8	59.5 ± 11.8	< 0.0001
CFVR	1.99 ± 0.67	1.94 ± 0.71	2.01 ± 0.68	2.00 ± 0.64	2.00 ± 0.51	2.09 ± 0.47	0.198

BSA: body surface area; CABG: coronary artery bypass surgery; HtR: heart rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; AF: atrial fibrillation; Wt: watt

Declarations

Author contributions

AZ and OH: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. EP and IB: Validation, Writing—review & editing. EK: Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

All the phases of these studies were approved by the local ethical committee of Research Cardiology Center “Medika”.

Consent to participate

Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

The data supporting the results of the article can be obtained by directly contacting the corresponding author (zag_angel@yahoo.com).

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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