From:  Comparative effect of physical and chemical treatments on the mechanical and barrier properties of Bambara groundnut-based protein-lipid films

 Mechanical properties of protein-lipid films from Bambara groundnut.

SampleElongation at break (mm)Strain at break (%)Load at break (N)Stress at break (kPa)Energy at break (J)Modulus (kPa)
SN24.92a143.20a22.13a20.00a0.18a40.00a
BN43.07c402.51c141.28d190.00c0.63d320.00d
BF29.11b272.09b59.95b80.00b0.44c90.00b
BUV44.37d414.64d62.80c80.00b0.35b120.00c

Values are expressed as means of three replications. Values with the same superscript along the same column indicate no significant difference at p < 0.05. BF: Bambara groundnut formaldehyde treated film; BN: Bambara groundnut untreated film; BUV: Bambara groundnut ultraviolet treated film; SN: soybean film (yuba).