From:  Severe cutaneous adverse reactions and their association with autoimmune disease: an update

 SCARs and associated autoimmune conditions.

SCARPathogenesisClinical featuresAutoimmune conditions
DRESSType IV hypersensitivity reaction; herpes virus reactivation; cytokine dysregulation 2–8-week latency; fever, fatigue, and diffuse lymphadenopathy; morbilliform rash affecting the face and leading to facial edema; palms and soles usually spared; eosinophiliaType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), thyroiditis, bullous pemphigoid, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), hemolytic anemia, vitiligo, Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD)/systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
SJS/TENType IV hypersensitivity reaction; granulysin-mediated keratinocyte apoptosis Rapidly progressive irregular purpuric macules that progress to bullae with widespread epidermal necrolysis; painful erosions of the mucus membranes; positive Nikolsky signFulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1DM), thyroiditis, SLE, Sjögren’s syndrome, ANA seroconversion
AGEPType IV hypersensitivity reaction; IL-8-neutrophil recruitment 24–48-hour latency after exposure; sterile, pruritic, non-follicular pustules that spare the mucosal membranes; elevated neutrophilia No clear link; however, some associations with CARD 14 mutations and polyarteritis nodosa

ANA: antinuclear antibody; CARD 14: caspase recruitment domain 14; AGEP: acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis; DRESS: drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms; SCARs: severe cutaneous adverse reactions; SJS/TEN: Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis.