From:  Unusual dual metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma to the orbit and oral cavity: a case report and literature review

 Reported cases of HCC metastasis to the orbital and oral cavity.

NumberAuthorYearNumber of casesSexMetastatic siteAge (years)Treatment
1Eldesouky et al. [27]20146MOrbital47–70N/A
2Geske et al. [28]201732 M, 1 FOrbital56–63RT, surgery
3Protopapa et al. [15]20201MOrbital53RT
4Baldovin et al. [24]20211MOrbital62Surgery
5Filippini et al. [21]20211MOrbital71N/A
6Wonglhow et al. [19]20241MOrbital65Systemic treatment
7Iwai et al. [29]20241MOrbital65BSC
8Shaikh et al. [13]20251MOrbital73BSC
9Lim et al. [22]202522 MOrbital59–62RT, systemic treatment
10Pesis et al. [26]20144135 M, 6 FOral cavity15–82RT, surgery
11Misra et al. [16]20151FOral cavity50N/A
12Alrumaih et al. [30]20151MOral cavity73N/A
13Jiang et al. [31]20161MOral cavity65N/A
14Kwon et al. [32]20161MOral cavity50N/A
15Xue et al. [33]20171MGingival60RT, systemic treatment
16Md Radzi et al. [34]20181MMandible61N/A
17Adnot et al. [35]20181MMaxillary56RT
18Liu et al. [36]20191MMandibular ramus73RT
19Hou et al. [37]20191MGingival78RT
20Nadkarni et al. [38]20201MBuccal mucosa49N/A
21Lyon et al. [39]20221FHard palate37RT
22Huang et al. [40]20221MGingival68N/A
23Fernández-Ferreira et al. [41]20231MMandibular74N/A
24Reesha et al. [42]202322 MMandibular60–67N/A
25Mašulović et al. [23]20231FMandibular65RT
26Chaudhry et al. [43]20231MBuccal mucosa70RT
27Zhan et al. [44]20251MGingival53Systemic treatment
28Present case*20251MOrbital + oral cavity74RT, systemic treatment
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*: The final entry (“present case”) represents the patient described in this manuscript. BSC: best supportive care; F: female; M: male; N/A: not available or not reported; RT: radiotherapy.