From:  Advances in 3D printing for dentistry: clinical applications and future perspectives

 Summary of key studies on 3D printing in orthodontics.

Study focusApplicationsKey findingsChallengesReference(s)
3D-printed accessories in orthodonticsCustomized intraoral devices, auxiliary devicesEnhanced customization, precision, and workflow improvements; potential for 4D memory shape materialsDurability, biocompatibility, and long-term clinical performance[11]
General applications in orthodonticsDental models, clear aligners, orthodontic brackets, transfer trays, and removable appliancesHigh accuracy, efficiency, simple operation, and personalizationMaterial limitations, cost[11, 12]
Scoping review on 3D printing in dentistryAligners, diagnostic modelsImproved patient comfort, treatment precisionMaterial durability, high costs, and post-processing requirements[50]
Orthodontic appliances manufactured using 3D printersBrackets, archwires, nasoalveolar molding devices, surgical splints, removable appliances, expansion appliances, clear aligners, retainers, auxiliary attachments, working modelsIncreased production of customizable appliances, digital clinical workflowPrinting accuracy, material properties[97]
Mechanical properties of 3D-printed materialOcclusal splintsPromising alternative to traditional materials, higher maximum bending stressCompression and tensile strength are lower than traditional materials[50, 55]
Comparison of 3D printing and CNC millingClear alignersBetter fitting and rapid teeth movement with CNC millingStaircase effect in 3D printing, stress distribution[50]
Digital workflow for palatal TADsGuided insertion of palatal TADsReduced chair time, complete customizationDeviations in clinical steps, cumulative effect of deviations[102]
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3D: three-dimensional; CNC: cellulose nanocrystal; TADs: temporary anchorage devices.