Significant correlates yielded by the mixed-effects regression analysis

VariablesReference levelOR*95% CIP-value
AgePer 1-year increase0.980.97–0.99< 0.001
SexFemale vs. male0.780.65–0.95< 0.001
Marital statusCurrently/previously married vs. never married0.670.52–0.870.003
EducationHigh schoolvs. less than high school0.440.36–0.55< 0.001
Non-bachelor certificate0.340.26–0.44< 0.001
Bachelor’s degree or above0.230.15–0.36< 0.001
Currently workingYes vs. no0.720.60–0.870.001
Living with childrenYes vs. no1.271.03–1.560.02
Vaping allowed at homeYes vs. no1.701.37–2.10< 0.001
Type of cigarette smokerFormer smokervs. never smoked1.471.20–1.78< 0.001
Current smoker0.780.55–1.100.15
Using nicotine in last vapeYesvs. no1.521.24–1.85< 0.001
Unsure0.400.27–0.60< 0.001
Reasons of vapingAffordableYes vs. no2.521.96–3.25< 0.001
Allowed at home2.481.97–3.11< 0.001
Less harmful than smoking to oneself2.742.25–3.32< 0.001
Less harmful than smoking to others2.612.15–3.17< 0.001
Attraction to flavors3.262.68–3.97< 0.001
Help to quit smoking2.251.84–2.74< 0.001
Don’t smell2.341.87–2.92< 0.001
Similar to smoking1.661.26–2.20< 0.001
Acceptable to non-smokers2.351.93–2.86< 0.001
Curious0.470.38–0.57< 0.001
Others1.501.15–1.960.003
Usual place to get e-cigarettesPurchase by oneself vs. buy/borrow from family/friends2.401.98–2.90< 0.001
Type of cannabis userCurrent uservs. never tried cannabis1.200.96–1.500.11
Former user0.590.44–0.780.001
Type of alcohol drinkerCurrent light drinkervs. lifetime abstainer and former drinker0.850.65–1.120.25
Current heavy drinker1.361.02–1.800.04
Ever tried chewing tobaccoYes vs. no1.451.17–1.80< 0.001
Recreational use of pain medicationsYes vs. no1.541.04–2.280.03
Recreational use of stimulantsYes vs. no2.791.61–4.84< 0.001
Perceived risks of vapingOccasionallyModerate/great risk vs. no/slight risk0.570.46–0.70< 0.001
Regularly0.520.43–0.62< 0.001
During pregnancy0.650.51–0.81< 0.001

The mixed-effects models used province of residence as a random intercept; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval