Patents related to the diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer utilizing nanotechnology
Patent No.
Description
References
US11419937B2
Laser skin treatment may ablate malignant cells and damaged tissue in burn sufferers. Laser skin therapy has many cosmetic uses, including hair removal/reduction, dyschromia treatment, shrinking skin after liposuction, acne treatment, chemical or physical abrasion of unwanted skin markings, surgical nose reduction, and face- and neck-lifts, and another aesthetic skin remodeling.
Treatment of scar/malignant tissue using photoactive compounds and light, including laser light. Enhancing skin tissue therapy using photoactive plasmonic nanoparticles and light employing ultrasonic delivery devices.
The invention discloses an exosome-coated nano drug-carrying system for tumor treatment and a preparation method. The system is obtained by loading a nano-material with antitumor drugs, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and tumor microenvironment reforming drugs, by endocytosis of cells and then discharged by the cells. The invention improves the composition, structure, and like of the essential external component biomembrane enveloping the nano drug-carrying system to enable the biological processing of nanoparticles. The innovation wraps the nano drug-carrying system in an exosome, which preserves its composition and structure and has high stability and tumor targeting in blood circulation.
The invention describes a water-soluble fullerene nanomaterial, manufacture, and use. The innovation has strong water solubility and affinity with organisms, can block tumor blood arteries, and swiftly cut off tumor tissue feeding.
The patch composition contains gold nanorods. Due to enlarged skin pores, medication or functional cosmetic absorbency might triple when skin temperature increases by 10°C. Thus, by utilizing an LED light to enhance skin temperature, the patch composition of the present invention may create a light-emitting effect of the gold nanorods, improving skin distribution of beneficial chemicals.
The innovation defines photodynamic cancer cell therapy using a HA-carbon nanomaterial composite. The invention also includes a PDT formulation. The HA-carbon nanomaterial composite outperforms a PDT medication in treating pathogenic cells like cancer cells.
Methods and materials for treating skin cancer (such as melanoma) using Abraxane® and an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polypeptide antibody (such as Avastin®) were described in the patent.
Authors would like to offer special thanks to MM College of Pharmacy, Amity institute of Nanotechnology for allowing carrying out this work and other research projects.
Author contributions
RG, SH, and KW: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Visualization. HC: Supervision, Investigation, Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing. RP: Formal analysis, Resources, Visualization. ML and RS: Writing—review & editing, Supervision, Methodology. All the authors have equally contributed to conceiving this paper and participated in its revisions. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflicts of interest
The authors have no relevant conflicts of interest.
Matta Reddy A, Iqbal M, Chopra H, Urmi S, Junapudi S, Bibi S, et al. Pivotal role of vitamin D in mitochondrial health, cardiac function, and human reproduction.EXCLI J. 2022;21:967–90. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Shi FT, Yu M, Zloty D, Bell RH, Wang E, Akhoundsadegh N, et al. Notch signaling is significantly suppressed in basal cell carcinomas and activation induces basal cell carcinoma cell apoptosis.Mol Med Rep. 2017;15:1441–54. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Carballo GB, Honorato JR, de Lopes GPF, Spohr TCLSE. A highlight ofSonic hedgehog pathway.Cell Commun Signal. 2018;16:11. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Pak E, Segal RA. Hedgehog signal transduction: key players, oncogenic drivers, and cancer therapy.Dev Cell. 2016;38:333–44. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Murone M, Rosenthal A, de Sauvage FJ. Sonic hedgehog signaling by the Patched–Smoothened receptor complex.Curr Biol. 1999;9:76–84. [DOI] [PubMed]
Choudhry Z, Rikani AA, Choudhry AM, Tariq S, Zakaria F, Asghar MW, et al. Sonic hedgehog signalling pathway: a complex network.Ann Neurosci. 2014;21:28–31. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Arensdorf AM, Marada S, Ogden SK. Smoothened regulation: a tale of two signals.Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2016;37:62–72. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Roberts B, Casillas C, Alfaro AC, Jägers C, Roelink H. Patched1 and Patched2 inhibit Smoothened non-cell autonomously.Elife. 2016;5:e17634. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Atwood SX, Sarin KY, Whitson RJ, Li JR, Kim G, Rezaee M, et al. Smoothened variants explain the majority of drug resistance in basal cell carcinoma.Cancer Cell. 2015;27:342–53. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Fan W, Rokohl AC, Guo Y, Chen H, Gao T, Kakkassery V, et al. Narrative review: mechanism of ultraviolet radiation-induced basal cell carcinoma.Front Oral Maxillofac Med. 2023;5:9. [DOI]
Abidi A. Hedgehog signaling pathway: a novel target for cancer therapy: vismodegib, a promising therapeutic option in treatment of basal cell carcinomas.Indian J Pharmacol. 2014;46:3–12. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Ouhtit A, Nakazawa H, Armstrong BK, Kricker A, Tan E, Yamasaki H, et al. UV-radiation-specific p53 mutation frequency in normal skin as a predictor of risk of basal cell carcinoma.J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998;90:523–31. [DOI] [PubMed]
Chial H. Tumor suppressor (TS) genes and the two-hit hypothesis.Nat Educ. 2008;1:177.
D’Orazio J, Jarrett S, Amaro-Ortiz A, Scott T. UV radiation and the skin.Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14:12222–48. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Rass K, Reichrath J. UV damage and DNA repair in malignant melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer. In: Reichrath J, editor. Sunlight, vitamin D and skin cancer. New York: Springer; 2008. pp. 162–78. [DOI] [PubMed]
Li Z, Pearlman AH, Hsieh P. DNA mismatch repair and the DNA damage response.DNA Repair (Amst). 2016;38:94–101. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Young LC, Listgarten J, Trotter MJ, Andrew SE, Tron VA. Evidence that dysregulated DNA mismatch repair characterizes human nonmelanoma skin cancer.Br J Dermatol. 2008;158:59–69. [DOI] [PubMed]
Kasumagic-Halilovic E, Hasic M, Ovcina-Kurtovic N. A clinical study of basal cell carcinoma.Med Arch. 2019;73:394–8. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Teng Y, Yu Y, Li S, Huang Y, Xu D, Tao X, et al. Ultraviolet radiation and basal cell carcinoma: an environmental perspective.Front Public Health. 2021;9:666528. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Lim JL, Stern RS. High levels of ultraviolet B exposure increase the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in psoralen and ultraviolet A-treated patients.J Invest Dermatol. 2005;124:505–13. [DOI] [PubMed]
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sunburn prevalence among adults---United States, 1999, 2003, and 2004.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;56:524–8. [PubMed]
Benjamin CL, Ananthaswamy HN. p53 and the pathogenesis of skin cancer.Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007;224:241–8. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Zhang H, Ping XL, Lee PK, Wu XL, Yao YJ, Zhang MJ, et al. Role of PTCH and p53 genes in early-onset basal cell carcinoma.Am J Pathol. 2001;158:381–5. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Chung JH, Bunz F. A loss-of-function mutation in PTCH1 suggests a role for autocrine hedgehog signaling in colorectal tumorigenesis.Oncotarget. 2013;4:2208–11. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Frisch M, Hjalgrim H, Olsen JH, Melbye M. Risk for subsequent cancer after diagnosis of basal-cell carcinoma:a population-based, epidemiologic study.Ann Intern Med. 1996;125:815–21. [DOI] [PubMed]
Brin L, Zubair AS, Brewer JD. Optimal management of skin cancer in immunosuppressed patients.Am J Clin Dermatol. 2014;15:339–56. [DOI] [PubMed]
Hao X, Lai W, Xia X, Xu J, Wu Y, Lv C, et al. Skin cancer outcomes and risk factors in renal transplant recipients: analysis of organ procurement and transplantation network data from 2000 to 2021.Front Oncol. 2022;12:1017498. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Psaty EL, Halpern AC. Current and emerging technologies in melanoma diagnosis: the state of the art.Clin Dermatol. 2009;27:35–45. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Dourmishev LA, Rusinova D, Botev I. Clinical variants, stages, and management of basal cell carcinoma.Indian Dermatol Online J. 2013;4:12–7. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Chakrabarty B, Sharma MC, Gulati S, Kabra M, Pandey RM, Sarkar C. Skin biopsy: a new tool to diagnose sarcoglycanopathy.J Child Neurol. 2014;29:NP5–8. [DOI] [PubMed]
Barton K, Curling OM, Paridaens AD, Hungerford JL. The role of cytology in the diagnosis of periocular basal cell carcinomas.Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 1996;12:190–5. [DOI] [PubMed]
Takiddin A, Schneider J, Yang Y, Abd-Alrazaq A, Househ M. Artificial intelligence for skin cancer detection: scoping review.J Med Internet Res. 2021;23:e22934. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Smak Gregoor AM, Sangers TE, Bakker LJ, Hollestein L, Uyl-de Groot CA, Nijsten T, et al. An artificial intelligence based app for skin cancer detection evaluated in a population based setting.NPJ Digit Med. 2023;6:90. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Kränke T, Tripolt-Droschl K, Röd L, Hofmann-Wellenhof R, Koppitz M, Tripolt M. New AI-algorithms on smartphones to detect skin cancer in a clinical setting—a validation study.PLoS One. 2023;18:e0280670. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Soenksen LR, Kassis T, Conover ST, Marti-Fuster B, Birkenfeld JS, Tucker-Schwartz J, et al. Using deep learning for dermatologist-level detection of suspicious pigmented skin lesions from wide-field images.Sci Transl Med. 2021;13:eabb3652. [DOI] [PubMed]
Prieto-Granada C, Rodriguez-Waitkus P. Basal cell carcinoma: epidemiology, clinical and histologic features, and basic science overview.Curr Probl Cancer. 2015;39:198–205. [DOI] [PubMed]
Love WE, Bernhard JD, Bordeaux JS. Topical imiquimod or fluorouracil therapy for basal and squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review.Arch Dermatol. 2009;145:1431–8. [DOI] [PubMed]
Geisse J, Caro I, Lindholm J, Golitz L, Stampone P, Owens M. Imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: results from two phase III, randomized, vehicle-controlled studies.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;50:722–33. [DOI] [PubMed]
Bubna AK. Imiquimod-its role in the treatment of cutaneous malignancies.Indian J Pharmacol. 2015;47:354–9. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Ou-Yang Y, Zheng Y, Mills KE. Photodynamic therapy for skin carcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Front Med (Lausanne). 2023;10:1089361. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Bakshi A, Chaudhary SC, Rana M, Elmets CA, Athar M. Basal cell carcinoma pathogenesis and therapy involving hedgehog signaling and beyond.Mol Carcinog. 2017;56:2543–57. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Dessinioti C, Plaka M, Soura E, Mortaki D, Papaxoinis G, Gogas H, et al. A practical guide for the follow-up of patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma during treatment with hedgehog pathway inhibitors.Oncologist. 2019;24:e755–64. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Nix NM, Burdine O, Walker M. Vismodegib: first-in-class hedgehog pathway inhibitor for metastatic or locally advanced basal cell carcinoma.J Adv Pract Oncol. 2014;5:294–6. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Fellner C. Vismodegib (erivedge) for advanced basal cell carcinoma.P T. 2012;37:670–82. [PubMed] [PMC]
Casey D, Demko S, Shord S, Zhao H, Chen H, He K, et al. FDA approval summary: sonidegib for locally advanced basal cell carcinoma.Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23:2377–81. [DOI] [PubMed]
Ally MS, Ransohoff K, Sarin K, Atwood SX, Rezaee M, Bailey-Healy I, et al. Effects of combined treatment with arsenic trioxide and itraconazole in patients with refractory metastatic basal cell carcinoma.JAMA Dermatol. 2016;152:452–6. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Davis CM, Lewis KD. Brief overview: cemiplimab for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma: PD-1 strikes again.Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2022;14:17588359211066147. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Gross K, Kircik L, Kricorian G. 5% 5-fluorouracil cream for the treatment of small superficial basal cell carcinoma: efficacy, tolerability, cosmetic outcome, and patient satisfaction.Dermatol Surg. 2007;33:433–40. [PubMed]
Tucker SB, Polasek JW, Perri AJ, Goldsmith EA. Long-term follow-up of basal cell carcinomas treated with perilesional interferon alfa 2b as monotherapy.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54:1033–8. [DOI] [PubMed]
Chimenti S, Peris K, Di Cristofaro S, Fargnoli MC, Torlone G. Use of recombinant interferon alfa-2b in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.Dermatology. 1995;190:214–7. [DOI] [PubMed]
Fernandez-Martori M, Bello-Rivero I, Duncan-Roberts Y. Treatment of basal cell carcinoma with interferons alpha-2b and gamma in primary care.MEDICC Rev. 2018;20:11. [DOI] [PubMed]
Greenway HT, Cornell RC, Tanner DJ, Peets E, Bordin GM, Nagi C. Treatment of basal cell carcinoma with intralesional interferon.J Am Acad Dermatol. 1986;15:437–43. [DOI] [PubMed]
Geisse JK, Rich P, Pandya A, Gross K, Andres K, Ginkel A, et al. Imiquimod 5% cream for the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: a double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled study.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002;47:390–8. [DOI] [PubMed]
Eigentler TK, Kamin A, Weide BM, Breuninger H, Caroli UM, Möhrle M, et al. A phase III, randomized, open label study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream applied thrice weekly for 8 and 12 weeks in the treatment of low-risk nodular basal cell carcinoma.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;57:616–21. [DOI] [PubMed]
Stockfleth E, Ulrich C, Hauschild A, Lischner S, Meyer T, Christophers E. Successful treatment of basal cell carcinomas in a nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome with topical 5% imiquimod.Eur J Dermatol. 2002;12:569–72. [PubMed]
Berman B. Scientific rationale: combining imiquimod and surgical treatments for basal cell carcinomas.J Drugs Dermatol. 2008;7 Suppl 1:s3–6. [PubMed]
Arits AHMM, Mosterd K, Essers BAB, Spoorenberg E, Sommer A, De Rooij MJM, et al. Photodynamic therapy versus topical imiquimod versus topical fluorouracil for treatment of superficial basal-cell carcinoma: a single blind, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.Lancet Oncol. 2013;14:647–54. [DOI] [PubMed]
Bianchi L, Orlandi A, Campione E, Angeloni C, Costanzo A, Spagnoli LG, et al. Topical treatment of basal cell carcinoma with tazarotene: a clinicopathological study on a large series of cases.Br J Dermatol. 2004;151:148–56. [DOI] [PubMed]
Torres-Gómez FJ,Torres Olivera FJ,Torres Gómez A. Keloidal basal cell carcinoma.Med Cutan Ibero Lat Am. 2015;43:153–5. Spanish.
Misago N, Ogusu Y, Narisawa Y. Keloidal basal cell carcinoma after radiation therapy.Eur J Dermatol. 2004;14:182–5. [PubMed]
Cognetta AB, Howard BM, Heaton HP, Stoddard ER, Hong HG, Green WH. Superficial x-ray in the treatment of basal and squamous cell carcinomas: a viable option in select patients.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67:1235–41. [DOI] [PubMed]
Mendenhall WM, Amdur RJ, Hinerman RW, Cognetta AB, Mendenhall NP. Radiotherapy for cutaneous squamous and basal cell carcinomas of the head and neck.Laryngoscope. 2009;119:1994–9. [DOI] [PubMed]
Piccinno R, Benardon S, Gaiani FM, Rozza M, Caccialanza M. Dermatologic radiotherapy in the treatment of extensive basal cell carcinomas: a retrospective study.J Dermatolog Treat. 2017;28:426–30. [DOI] [PubMed]
Morton CA, McKenna KE, Rhodes LE; British Association of Dermatologists Therapy Guidelines and Audit Subcommittee and the British Photodermatology Group. Guidelines for topical photodynamic therapy: update.Br J Dermatol. 2008;159:1245–66. [DOI] [PubMed]
Braathen LR, Szeimies RM, Basset-Seguin N, Bissonnette R, Foley P, Pariser D, et al. Guidelines on the use of photodynamic therapy for nonmelanoma skin cancer: an international consensus.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56:125–43.
Calzavara-Pinton PG, Szeimies RM, Ortel B, Zane C. Photodynamic therapy with systemic administration of photosensitizers in dermatology.J Photochem Photobiol B. 1996;36:225–31. [DOI] [PubMed]
Puccioni M, Santoro N, Giansanti F, Ucci F, Rossi R, Lotti T, et al. Photodynamic therapy using methyl aminolevulinate acid in eyelid basal cell carcinoma: a 5-year follow-up study.Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;25:115–8. [DOI] [PubMed]
Von Hoff DD, LoRusso PM, Rudin CM, Reddy JC, Yauch RL, Tibes R, et al. Inhibition of the hedgehog pathway in advanced basal-cell carcinoma.N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1164–72. [DOI] [PubMed]
Migden MR, Guminski A, Gutzmer R, Dirix L, Lewis KD, Combemale P, et al. Treatment with two different doses of sonidegib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic basal cell carcinoma (BOLT): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind phase 2 trial.Lancet Oncol. 2015;16:716–28. [DOI] [PubMed]
Croy SR, Kwon GS. Polymeric micelles for drug delivery.Curr Pharm Des. 2006;12:4669–84. [DOI] [PubMed]
Manjappa AS, Kumbhar PS, Patil AB, Disouza JI, Patravale VB. Polymeric mixed micelles: improving the anticancer efficacy of single-copolymer micelles.Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2019;36:1–58. [DOI] [PubMed]
Mehan N, Kumar M, Bhatt S, Shankar R, Kumari B, Pahwa R, et al. Self-assembly polymeric nano micelles for the futuristic treatment of skin cancer and phototoxicity: therapeutic and clinical advancement.Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2022;39:79–95. [DOI] [PubMed]
Lapteva M, Mondon K, Möller M, Gurny R, Kalia YN. Polymeric micelle nanocarriers for the cutaneous delivery of tacrolimus: a targeted approach for the treatment of psoriasis.Mol Pharm. 2014;11:2989–3001. [DOI] [PubMed]
Varshosaz J, Taymouri S, Hassanzadeh F, Javanmard SH, Rostami M. Self-assembly micelles with lipid core of cholesterol for docetaxel delivery to B16F10 melanoma and HepG2 cells.J Liposome Res. 2015;25:157–65. [DOI] [PubMed]
Velluto D, Thomas SN, Simeoni E, Swartz MA, Hubbell JA. PEG-b-PPS-b-PEI micelles and PEG-b-PPS/PEG-b-PPS-b-PEI mixed micelles as non-viral vectors for plasmid DNA: tumor immunotoxicity in B16F10 melanoma.Biomaterials. 2011;32:9839–47. [DOI] [PubMed]
Yuan F, Dellian M, Fukumura D, Leunig M, Berk DA, Torchilin VP, et al. Vascular permeability in a human tumor xenograft: molecular size dependence and cutoff size.Cancer Res. 1995;55:3752–6. [PubMed]
Alvarez-Román R, Naik A, Kalia YN, Guy RH, Fessi H. Skin penetration and distribution of polymeric nanoparticles.J Control Release. 2004;99:53–62. [DOI] [PubMed]
Chopra H, Singh I, Kumar S, Bhattacharya T, Rahman MH, Akter R, et al. A comprehensive review on hydrogels.Curr Drug Deliv. 2022;19:658–75. [DOI] [PubMed]
Chopra H, Kumar S, Singh I. Bioadhesive hydrogels and their applications. In: Mittal KL, Bakshi IS, Narang JK, editors. Bioadhesives in drug delivery. Beverly: Scrivener Publishing; 2020. pp. 147–70.
Chopra H, Bibi S, Kumar S, Khan MS, Kumar P, Singh I. Preparation and evaluation of chitosan/PVA based hydrogel films loaded with honey for wound healing application.Gels. 2022;8:111. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Devi L, Gaba P, Chopra H. Tailormade drug delivery system: a novel trio concept of 3DP+ hydrogel+ SLA.J Drug Deliv Ther. 2019;9:861–6. [DOI]
Chopra H, Kumar S, Singh I. Bioinks for 3D printing of artificial extracellular matrices. In: du Toit LC, Kumar P, Choonara YE, Pillay V, editors. Advanced 3D-printed systems and nanosystems for drug delivery and tissue engineering. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing; 2020. pp. 1–37.
Chopra H, Kumar S, Singh I. Biopolymer-based scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.Curr Drug Targets. 2021;22:282–95. [DOI] [PubMed]
Chopra H, Kumar S, Singh I. Strategies and therapies for wound healing: a review.Curr Drug Targets. 2022;23:87–98. [DOI] [PubMed]
Pandey P, Chopra H, Kaushik D, Verma R, Purohit D, Parashar J, et al. Multifunctional patented nanotherapeutics for cancer intervention: 2010-onwards.Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 2023;18:38–52. [DOI] [PubMed]
Gonsalves A, Tambe P, Le D, Thakore D, Wadajkar AS, Yang J, et al. Synthesis and characterization of a novel pH-responsive drug-releasing nanocomposite hydrogel for skin cancer therapy and wound healing.J Mater Chem B. 2021;9:9533–46. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Sepantafar M, Maheronnaghsh R, Mohammadi H, Radmanesh F, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Ebrahimi M, et al. Engineered hydrogels in cancer therapy and diagnosis.Trends Biotechnol. 2017;35:1074–87. [DOI] [PubMed]
Highton AJ, Kojarunchitt T, Girardin A, Hook S, Kemp RA. Chitosan hydrogel vaccine generates protective CD8 T cell memory against mouse melanoma.Immunol Cell Biol. 2015;93:634–40. [DOI] [PubMed]
Tokuda EY, Leight JL, Anseth KS. Modulation of matrix elasticity with PEG hydrogels to study melanoma drug responsiveness.Biomaterials. 2014;35:4310–8. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Tokuda EY, Jones CE, Anseth KS. PEG–peptide hydrogels reveal differential effects of matrix microenvironmental cues on melanoma drug sensitivity.Integr Biol (Camb). 2017;9:76–87. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Lu JW, Miao Y, Guo CX, Ke QF, Yin JH, Zhou SM, et al. Lanthanum-doped chitosan hydrogels promote the apoptosis of melanoma cells by Bcl-2/Bax pathway.ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2018;1:1468–77. [DOI] [PubMed]
Liu J, Qi C, Tao K, Zhang J, Zhang J, Xu L, et al. Sericin/dextran injectable hydrogel as an optically trackable drug delivery system for malignant melanoma treatment.ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016;8:6411–22. [DOI] [PubMed]
Jiang T, Wang T, Li T, Ma Y, Shen S, He B, et al. Enhanced transdermal drug delivery by transfersome-embedded oligopeptide hydrogel for topical chemotherapy of melanoma.ACS Nano. 2018;12:9693–701. [DOI] [PubMed]
Shubayev VI, Pisanic TR II, Jin S. Magnetic nanoparticles for theragnostics.Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2009;61:467–77. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Amin RM, Abdelmonem A, Verwanger T, Elsherbini E, Krammer B. Cytotoxicity of magnetic nanoparticles on normal and malignant human skin cells.Nano Life. 2014;4:1440002. [DOI]
Alromi DA, Madani SY, Seifalian A. Emerging application of magnetic nanoparticles for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.Polymers (Basel). 2021;13:4146. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Bulat V, Situm M, Dediol I, Ljubicić I, Bradić L. The mechanisms of action of phototherapy in the treatment of the most common dermatoses.Coll Antropol. 2011;35:147–51. [PubMed]
Weischer M, Blum A, Eberhard F, Röcken M, Berneburg M. No evidence for increased skin cancer risk in psoriasis patients treated with broadband or narrowband UVB phototherapy: a first retrospective study.Acta Derm Venereol. 2004;84:370–4. [DOI] [PubMed]
Lee CH, Wu SB, Hong CH, Yu HS, Wei YH. Molecular mechanisms of UV-induced apoptosis and its effects on skin residential cells: the implication in UV-based phototherapy.Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14:6414–35. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Shi H, Sadler PJ. How promising is phototherapy for cancer?Br J Cancer. 2020;123:871–3. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Liu Z, Lu Y, Lebwohl M, Wei H. PUVA (8-methoxy-psoralen plus ultraviolet A) induces the formation of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine and DNA fragmentation in calf thymus DNA and human epidermoid carcinoma cells.Free Radic Biol Med. 1999;27:127–33. [DOI] [PubMed]
Hunzeker CM, Geronemus RG. Treatment of superficial infantile hemangiomas of the eyelid using the 595-nm pulsed dye laser.Dermatol Surg. 2010;36:590–7. [DOI] [PubMed]
Lange C, Lehmann C, Mahler M, Bednarski PJ. Comparison of cellular death pathways after mTHPC-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) in five human cancer cell lines.Cancers (Basel). 2019;11:702. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Vrielink OM, Kruijff S, van Leeuwen BL, Roodenburg JL. Application of CO2 laser evaporation in locally advanced melanoma.Melanoma Manag. 2019;6:MMT14. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Benson TA, Hibler BP, Kotliar D, Avram M. Nonablative fractional laser treatment is associated with a decreased risk of subsequent facial keratinocyte carcinoma development.Dermatol Surg. 2023;49:149–54. [DOI] [PubMed]
Gatza E, Rogers CE, Clouthier SG, Lowler KP, Tawara I, Liu C, et al. Extracorporeal photopheresis reverses experimental graft-versus-host disease through regulatory T cells.Blood. 2008;112:1515–21. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Chopra H, Dey PS, Das D, Bhattacharya T, Shah M, Mubin S, et al. Curcumin nanoparticles as promising therapeutic agents for drug targets.Molecules. 2021;26:4998. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Bhattacharya T, Das D, Borges e Soares GA, Chakrabarti P, Ai Z, Chopra H, et al. Novel green approaches for the preparation of gold nanoparticles and their promising potential in oncology.Processes. 2022;10:426. [DOI]
DeLouise LA. Applications of nanotechnology in dermatology.J Invest Dermatol. 2012;132:964–75. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Husain S, Verma SK, Yasin D, Hemlata, A Rizvi MM, Fatma T. Facile green bio-fabricated silver nanoparticles from Microchaete infer dose-dependent antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity to mediate cellular apoptosis.Bioorg Chem. 2021;107:104535. [DOI] [PubMed]
Saindane D, Bhattacharya S, Shah R, Prajapati BG. The recent development of topical nanoparticles for annihilating skin cancer.All Life. 2022;15:843–69. [DOI]
Patravale VB, Desai PP. Topical nanointerventions for therapeutic and cosmeceutical applications. In: Domb AJ, Khan W, editors. Focal controlled drug delivery. Boston: Springer; 2014. pp. 535–60. [DOI]
Singh N, Sondhi S, Sharma S, Singh D, Koundal V, Goyal K, et al. Treatment of skin cancer by topical drug delivery of nanoparticles: a review.Res J Pharm Technol. 2021;14:5589–98.
Monge-Fuentes V, Muehlmann LA, de Azevedo RB. Perspectives on the application of nanotechnology in photodynamic therapy for the treatment of melanoma.Nano Rev. 2014;5:24381. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Su Y, Hu J, Huang Z, Huang Y, Peng B, Xie N, et al. Paclitaxel-loaded star-shaped copolymer nanoparticles for enhanced malignant melanoma chemotherapy against multidrug resistance.Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017;11:659–68. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Agarwala SS, Kirkwood JM. Temozolomide in combination with interferon α-2b in patients with metastatic melanoma.Cancer. 2003;97:121–7. [DOI] [PubMed]
Jiang G, Li R, Tang J, Ma Y, Hou X, Yang C, et al. Formulation of temozolomide-loaded nanoparticles and their targeting potential to melanoma cells.Oncol Rep. 2017;37:995–1001. [DOI] [PubMed]
Pissuwan D. Monitoring and tracking metallic nanobiomaterials in vivo. In: Narayan JR, editor. Monitoring and evaluation of biomaterials and their performance in vivo. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing; 2017. pp. 135–49.
Maldonado-Camargo L, Unni M, Rinaldi C. Magnetic characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. In: Petrosko SH, Day ES, editors. Biomedical Nanotechnology. New York: Humana Press; 2017. pp. 47–71. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Pearce J, Giustini A, Stigliano R, Jack Hoopes P. Magnetic heating of nanoparticles: the importance of particle clustering to achieve therapeutic temperatures.J Nanotechnol Eng Med. 2013;4:110071–14. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Reddy MSB, Ponnamma D, Choudhary R, Sadasivuni KK. A comparative review of natural and synthetic biopolymer composite scaffolds.Polymers (Basel). 2021;13:1105. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Hollingsworth RE, Jansen K. Turning the corner on therapeutic cancer vaccines.NPJ Vaccines. 2019;4:7. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Lee S, Margolin K. Cytokines in cancer immunotherapy.Cancers (Basel). 2011;3:3856–93. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Liu J, Fu M, Wang M, Wan D, Wei Y, Wei X. Cancer vaccines as promising immuno-therapeutics: platforms and current progress.J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15:28. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Hoggan MD, Blacklow NR, Rowe WP. Studies of small DNA viruses found in various adenovirus preparations: physical, biological, and immunological characteristics.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966;55:1467–74. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Smith R, Wafa EI, Geary SM, Ebeid K, Alhaj-Suliman SO, Salem AK. Cationic nanoparticles enhance T cell tumor infiltration and antitumor immune responses to a melanoma vaccine.Sci Adv. 2022;8:eabk3150. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Tran PHL, Duan W, Lee BJ, Tran TTD. Nanogels for skin cancer therapy via transdermal delivery: current designs.Curr Drug Metab. 2019;20:575–82. [DOI] [PubMed]
Soni K, Mujtaba A, Akhter MH, Zafar A, Kohli K. Optimisation of ethosomal nanogel for topical nano-CUR and sulphoraphane delivery in effective skin cancer therapy.J Microencapsul. 2020;37:91–108. [DOI] [PubMed]
Sahu P, Kashaw SK, Sau S, Kushwah V, Jain S, Agrawal RK, et al. pH triggered and charge attracted nanogel for simultaneous evaluation of penetration and toxicity against skin cancer: in-vitro and ex-vivo study.Int J Biol Macromol. 2019;128:740–51. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Rathore S, Rajoriya V, Kushwaha V, Jain S, Kashaw SK. Preparation and characterization of 5-fluorouracil loaded nanogels for skin cancer treatments: in vitro drug release, cytotoxicity and cellular uptake analysis.Curr Nanomedicine. 2021;11:127–38. [DOI]
Mangalathillam S, Rejinold NS, Nair A, Lakshmanan VK, Nair SV, Jayakumar R. Curcumin loaded chitin nanogels for skin cancer treatment via the transdermal route.Nanoscale. 2012;4:239–50. [DOI] [PubMed]
Soni KS, Desale SS, Bronich TK. Nanogels: an overview of properties, biomedical applications and obstacles to clinical translation.J Control Release. 2016;240:109–26. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Abdolahinia ED, Barati G, Ranjbar-Navazi Z, Kadkhoda J, Islami M, Hashemzadeh N, et al. Application of nanogels as drug delivery systems in multicellular spheroid tumor model.J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2022;68:103109. [DOI]
Lai WF, He ZD. Design and fabrication of hydrogel-based nanoparticulate systems for in vivo drug delivery.J Control Release. 2016;243:269–82. [DOI] [PubMed]
Mauri E, Giannitelli SM, Trombetta M, Rainer A. Synthesis of nanogels: current trends and future outlook.Gels. 2021;7:36. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Manimaran V, Nivetha RP, Tamilanban T, Narayanan J, Vetriselvan S, Fuloria NK, et al. Nanogels as novel drug nanocarriers for CNS drug delivery.Front Mol Biosci. 2023;10:1232109. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Howaili F, Özliseli E, Küçüktürkmen B, Razavi SM, Sadeghizadeh M, Rosenholm JM. Stimuli-responsive, plasmonic nanogel for dual delivery of curcumin and photothermal therapy for cancer treatment.Front Chem. 2021;8:602941. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Tran TV, Phuong THD, Tran NQ, Nguyen CK, Nguyen DH. Polymeric chitosan based nanogels as a potential platform for dual targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy.Int J Nanotechnol. 2018;15:188–98. [DOI]
Liu Y, Wang M, Liu W, Jing J, Ma H. Olaparib and doxorubicin co-loaded polypeptide nanogel for enhanced breast cancer therapy.Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022;10:904344. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Castañeda-Reyes ED, Perea-Flores MJ, Davila-Ortiz G, Lee Y, Gonzalez de Mejia E. Development, characterization and use of liposomes as amphipathic transporters of bioactive compounds for melanoma treatment and reduction of skin inflammation: a review.Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:7627–50. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Petrilli R, Eloy JO, Saggioro FP, Chesca DL, de Souza MC, Dias MVS, et al. Skin cancer treatment effectiveness is improved by iontophoresis of EGFR-targeted liposomes containing 5-FU compared with subcutaneous injection.J Control Release. 2018;283:151–62. [DOI] [PubMed]
Gao Y, Zhang XC, Wang WS, Yang Y, Wang HL, Lu YG, et al. Efficacy and safety of topical ALA-PDT in the treatment of EMPD.Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2015;12:92–7. [DOI] [PubMed]
Jose A, Labala S, Ninave KM, Gade SK, Venuganti VVK. Effective skin cancer treatment by topical co-delivery of curcumin and STAT3 siRNA using cationic liposomes.AAPS PharmSciTech. 2018;19:166–75. [DOI] [PubMed]
Saini R, Lee NV, Liu KY, Poh CF. Prospects in the application of photodynamic therapy in oral cancer and premalignant lesions.Cancers (Basel). 2016;8:83. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Cadinoiu AN, Rata DM, Atanase LI, Mihai CT, Bacaita SE, Popa M. Formulations based on drug loaded aptamer-conjugated liposomes as a viable strategy for the topical treatment of basal cell carcinoma—in vitro tests.Pharmaceutics. 2021;13:866. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Capecitabine or 5-FU with pegylated interferon alpha-2b in unresectable/metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma[Internet].Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine; [cited 2023 Jun 16]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02218164
Vaccine therapy plus interleukin-2 with or without interferon alfa-2b in treating patients with stage III melanoma [Internet].Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine; [cited 2023 Jun 26]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00004104
ABI-007 in treating patients with inoperable locally recurrent or metastatic melanoma [Internet].Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine; [cited 2023 Jun 26]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00081042
Pharmacokinetic study of liposomal vincristine in patients with malignant melanoma & hepatic dysfunction [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine; [cited 2023 Jun 26].Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00145041
Bevacizumab and temozolomide or bevacizumab and paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation and carboplatin in treating patients with stage IV malignant melanoma that cannot be removed by surgery [Internet].Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine; [cited 2023 Jun 26]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00626405
A study of BIND-014 given to patients with advanced or metastatic cancer [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine; [cited 2023 Jun 26].Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01300533
Nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab or ipilimumab as first-line therapy in treating patients with stage IV melanoma that cannot be removed by surgery [Internet].Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine; [cited 2023 Jun 26]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02158520
Study of topical SOR007 ointment for cutaneous metastases [Internet].Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine; [cited 2023 Jun 26]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03101358
Ganguly P, Breen A, Pillai SC. Toxicity of nanomaterials: exposure, pathways, assessment, and recent advances.ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2018;4:2237–75. [DOI] [PubMed]
Zolnik BS, González-Fernández A, Sadrieh N, Dobrovolskaia MA. Minireview: nanoparticles and the immune system.Endocrinology. 2010;151:458–65. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Zaiter T, Cornu R, El Basset W, Martin H, Diab M, Béduneau A. Toxicity assessment of nanoparticles in contact with the skin.J Nanopart Res. 2022;24:149. [DOI]
Priyanka, Abusalah MAH, Chopra H, Sharma A, Mustafa SA, Choudhary OP, et al. Nanovaccines: a game changing approach in the fight against infectious diseases.Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;167:115597. [DOI] [PubMed]
Harris TJ, Kim AAC, inventor; Coronado Aesthetics LLC, assignee. Delivery of nanoparticles.United States patent US 11419937B2. 2022Aug23.
Harris TJ, Kim AAC, inventor; Sienna Labs Inc, assignee. Targeted delivery of nanoparticles to skin surface.World Intellectual Property Organization patent WO 2015031189A1. 2015Mar5.
Gan L, Yong SY, Yang XL, Zhang XQ, Bie NN, inventor; Huazhong University of Science and Technology, assignee. Exosome-encapsulated nano drug delivery system for tumor treatment and preparation thereof.Chinese patent CN 108543074B. 2021Jun11.
Wang CR, Zhou Y, Zhen MM, Bai CL, inventor; Beijing Fullcan Biotechnology Co. Ltd., assignee. Water-soluble fullerene nano material and preparation method and application thereof.Chinese patent CN 108478598B. 2021May7.
Jang ES, Jeong AE, inventor; Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyIndustry-Academia Cooperation Foundation, assignee. Patch composition comprising graphene oxide gold nanoroad.Korean patent KR 101945112B1. 2019Feb1.
Han SG, Jeong HS, Gong WH, Bark SE, inventor; Pohang University of Science and TechnologyIndustry-Academia Cooperation Foundation, assignee. Hyaluronic acid-carbon nano material complex and composition for photodynamic treatment comprising the same.Korean patent KR 20160003488A. 2016Jan11.
Markovic SN, Nevala WK, inventor; Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, assignee. Complexes containing albumin-containing nanoparticles and antibodies to treat cancer.Canadian patent CA 2917407C. 2023Mar14.
Markovic SN, Nevala WK, inventor; Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, assignee. Methods for treating VEGF-expressing cancer using preformed nanoparticle complexes comprising albumin-bound paclitaxel and bevacizumab.United States patent US 10765741B2. 2020Sep8.
Zhang H, Chen J. Current status and future directions of cancer immunotherapy.J Cancer. 2018;9:1773–81. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Akkın S, Varan G, Bilensoy E. A review on cancer immunotherapy and applications of nanotechnology to chemoimmunotherapy of different cancers.Molecules. 2021;26:3382. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Farkona S, Diamandis EP, Blasutig IM. Cancer immunotherapy: the beginning of the end of cancer?BMC Med. 2016;14:73. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Waldman AD, Fritz JM, Lenardo MJ. A guide to cancer immunotherapy: from T cell basic science to clinical practice.Nat Rev Immunol. 2020;20:651–68. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Anselmo AC, Mitragotri S. Nanoparticles in the clinic: an update post COVID-19 vaccines.BioengTransl Med. 2021;6:e10246. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
