Exploration of Medicine

Parameter	Group 1	Group 2	P
Number (patients/eyes)	101/101	176/176	N/A
Age, years (mean ± SD)	68.32 ± 9.49	70.44 ± 8.71	0.167
Male/female	53/48	91/85	0.663
BCVA (mean ± SD)	0.441 ± 0.392	0.510 ± 0.372	0.154
IOP (mean ± SD, mm Hg)	24.99 ± 6.47	25.32 ± 4.88	0.659
The number of glaucoma medications (mean ± SD)	3.139 ± 0.617	3.233 ± 0.593	0.215

Declarations

Author contributions

SNS: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. ANA: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—review & editing. AVS and SVS: Investigation, Writing—review & editing. ANS: Visualization, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

This study is approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Volga District Medical Center under the Federal Medical and Biological Agency No. 7 of 31 May 2022 and complies with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Consent to participate

Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

The primary data will not be shared with third parties due to the institution’s policy regarding patient data.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

References

Gillmann K, Mansouri K. Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery: Where is the evidence? Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2020;9:203–14. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

Mathew DJ, Buys YM. Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery: a critical appraisal of the literature. Annu Rev Vis Sci. 2020;6:47–89. [DOI] [PubMed]

Sunaric Megevand G, Bron AM. Personalising surgical treatments for glaucoma patients. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2021;81:100879. [DOI] [PubMed]

Svetozarskiy SN, Maslennikova YА, Anikeeva MV. Modern technologies of open-angle glaucoma surgery. Sovrem Tekhnologii Med. 2014;6:102–9. Russian.

Zhigalskaya TA, Krivosheina OI. Using cytostatics in refractory glaucoma surgery. Russ Ophthalmol J. 2018;11:71–5. Russian. [PubMed]

Belousova NY, Poltanova TI. Capabilities of cytostatic agents usage in ophthalmology. Kazan Med J. 2019;100:673–9. Russian.

Wolters JEJ, van Mechelen RJS, Al Majidi R, Pinchuk L, Webers CAB, Beckers HJM, et al. History, presence, and future of mitomycin C in glaucoma filtration surgery. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2021;32:148–59. [DOI] [PubMed]

Wielińska J, Nowacki A, Liberek B. 5-Fluorouracil-complete insight into its neutral and ionised forms. Molecules. 2019;24:3683. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

Lindemann F, Plange N, Kuerten D, Schimitzek H, Koutsonas A. Three-year follow-up of trabeculectomy with 5-fluorouracil. Ophthalmic Res. 2017;58:74–80. [DOI] [PubMed]

10.

Kaplowitz K, Khodadadeh S, Wang S, Lee D, Tsai JC. Use of subconjunctival injections of 5-fluorouracil to rescue and prolong intraocular pressure reduction for a failing Ahmed glaucoma implant. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2017;255:1185–91. [DOI] [PubMed]

11.

Amoozgar B, Lin SC, Han Y, Kuo J. A role for antimetabolites in glaucoma tube surgery: current evidence and future directions. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2016;27:164–9. [DOI] [PubMed]

12.

Erdem B, Imamoglu S, Ercalik NY. Needling with 5-fluorouracil for encapsulated blebs after Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2019;38:395–400. [DOI] [PubMed]

13.

Wałek E, Przeździecka-Dołyk J, Helemejko I, Misiuk-Hojło M. Efficacy of postoperative management with 5-fluorouracil injections after XEN Gel Stent implantation. Int Ophthalmol. 2020;40:235–46. [DOI] [PubMed]

14.

Fluorouracil Filtering Surgery Study Group. Fluorouracil filtering surgery study one-year follow-up. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018;186:xxxiii–xlii. [DOI] [PubMed]

15.

Reiter C, Wimmer S, Schultheiss A, Klink T, Grehn F, Geerling G. Corneal epitheliopathy following trabeculectomy with postoperative adjunctive 5-fluorouracil. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2010;227:887–91. German. [DOI] [PubMed]

16.

Bukhari DA, Alessa SK, Beheiri SI. Corneal epithelial hyperplasia after 5-fluorouracil injection. Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2018;9:254–6. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

17.

Muthusamy K, Tuft SJ. Iatrogenic limbal stem cell deficiency following drainage surgery for glaucoma. Can J Ophthalmol. 2018;53:574–9. [DOI] [PubMed]

18.

Martín Lancharro P, De Castro-Acuña Iglesias N, González-Barcala FJ, Moure González JD. Evidence of exposure to cytostatic drugs in healthcare staff: a review of recent literature. Farm Hosp. 2016;40:604–21. [DOI] [PubMed]

19.

Mateo González-Román M, Hidalgo García PP, Peña Otero D. Cytostatic drugs and risk of genotoxicity in health workers. A literature review. Enferm Clin (Engl Ed). 2021;31:247–53. [DOI] [PubMed]

20.

Fedorov SN, Kozlov VI, Timoshkina NT. Nepronikayushchaya glubokaya sklerektomiya pri otkrytougol’noi glaukome. Oftal’mokhirurgiya. 1989;3–4:52–5. Russian.

21.

González-Ventosa A, Ariz-Juan J, Sabater-Cruz N. Measures to prevent the risks associated with exposure to cytostatic drugs in glaucoma filtering surgery. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2020;95:334–44. [DOI] [PubMed]

22.

Traverso CE, Facino M, Muriaido U, Corazza M, Gandolfo E, Calabria G. Decreased corneal complications after no-reflux, low-dose 5 fluorouracil subconjunctival injection following trabeculectomy. Int Ophthalmol. 1994;18:247–50. [DOI] [PubMed]

23.

Simsek T, Firat P, Çtrk M, Ozdamar Y, Elgin U. Short-term effects of subconjunctival injections of 5-fluorouracil on conjunctival epithelium. Cornea. 2010;29:727–31. [DOI] [PubMed]

24.

Wu KY, Lai YH, Yang YC, Wu WC, Hong SJ. 5-Fluorouracil-induced apoptosis changes in cultured corneal epithelial cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2016;32:155–62. [DOI] [PubMed]

25.

Jiang K, Chen J, Tai L, Liu C, Chen X, Wei G, et al. Inhibition of post-trabeculectomy fibrosis via topically instilled antisense oligonucleotide complexes co-loaded with fluorouracil. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2020;10:1754–68. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

26.

Zhang Y, Zhu S, Xu X, Zuo L. In vitro study of combined application of bevacizumab and 5-fluorouracil or bevacizumab and mitomycin c to inhibit scar formation in glaucoma filtration surgery. J Ophthalmol. 2019;2019:7419571. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

27.

Elgin U, Sen E, Çolak S, Yılmazbas P. Initial trabeculectomy with 5-fluorouracil with or without subconjunctival bevacizumab in the management of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol. 2019;39:1211–7. [DOI] [PubMed]

28.

Vinod K, Gedde SJ, Feuer WJ, Panarelli JF, Chang TC, Chen PP, et al. Practice preferences for glaucoma surgery: a survey of the american glaucoma society. J Glaucoma. 2017;26:687–93. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]