Table Info

Table 1.

Nutrients for mitochondrial complexes function

Mitochondrial complex	Nutrients
ETC complexes	Copper, iron, sulfur, riboflavin and ubiquinone coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
PDH complex	Riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, pantothenic acid and lipoic acid
TCA cycle	Iron, sulfur, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, cysteine, magnesium, manganese, and lipoic acid Synthesis of heme for heme-dependent enzymes in the TCA cycle needs various nutrients such as copper, iron, riboflavin, pyridoxine and zinc Synthesis of L-carnitine requires ascorbic acid
Shuttling electrons between ETC complexes	Copper, iron and ubiquinone

Declarations

Author contributions

MY and AK contributed conception and design of the study; N Singh, MD and NR organized the paper; N Sharma performed the reference setting and formating; MY wrote the first draft of the manuscript; JD, N Sharma, PD and NM wrote sections of the manuscript. All authors contributed to manuscript revision, read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

The authors are thankful to Science and Engineering Research Board-Department of Science and Technology (SERB-DST, New Delhi, Letter number PDF/2018/002605) and GD Goenka University, Gurgaon, 122103, India [Seed Grant (R&D.12/21/01)] for the financial support to get the access to the journals which are paid and the data included in this paper are from these journals and provided funds to attend conferences and workshops to collect data for this paper.

Copyright

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