
Overview of multi-omics data as the foundation for AI in studying cardiac biology. From bottom to top: genomic data provides insights into the DNA sequence and variations; epigenetic data reflects chromatin modifications and regulatory changes; transcriptomic data captures RNA profiles and gene expression patterns; proteomic data characterizes protein structure, function, and interactions; metabolomic data reveals cellular metabolic states. The multi-omics layers on the left side of the figure collectively identify key pathways, metabolic changes, and protein interactions, which are depicted on the right side as critical components of cardiac biology and disease mechanisms. AI: artificial intelligence; HF: heart failure; TCA: tricarboxylic acid; Cyt C: cytochrome C. Created in BioRender. Sabry, Z. (2025) https://BioRender.com/t20l803