Exploration of BioMat-X

Table 3. Comparative long-term stability and reproducibility of different electrode modification strategies used in electrochemical neurotransmitter sensing.

Electrode modification strategy	Typical operational stability	Reproducibility	Major degradation mechanism	References
Enzyme-based electrodes	Low–Moderate	Moderate	Enzyme denaturation, leaching, pH/temperature sensitivity	[22]
Carbon nanomaterial-based	High	High	Surface fouling, oxidation	[25]
Metal nanoparticle-based	Moderate	Moderate	Aggregation, surface oxidation	[26]
Polymer-modified electrodes	High	High	Mechanical degradation, swelling	[27]
Hybrid systems	Moderate–High	High	Enzyme instability mitigated by support matrix	[28]

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Author contributions

MA: Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Resources, Writing—original draft. SA: Software, Validation, Formal analysis. MRU: Conceptualization, Validation, Data curation, Visualization. MMA: Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing, Supervision, Project administration. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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