Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy

Table 1. Comparative relative abundance percentages of the gut microbiome before and after symbiotic administration.

Group	% of the total relative abundance
Group	Before symbiotic administration (4wpi)	After symbiotic administration (8 wpi)
Sham	Clostridium, Alkaliphilus, Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Lactobacillus, Sarcina, Turicibacter, and Natronincola (78.46%).	Lactobacillus, Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Alkaliphilus, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Johnsonella, Akkermansia, Natronincola, and Oscillospira (81.13%).
T5S	Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Alkaliphilus, Prevotella, Blautia, Lactobacillus, Sarcina, and Natronincola (72.87%).	Lactobacillus, Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Alkaliphilus, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Johnsonella, Akkermansia, Natronincola, and Oscillospira (81.13%).
T5M	Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Alkaliphilus, Allobaculum, and Natronincola (83.22%).	Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Alkaliphilus, Allobaculum, Sarcina, and Natronincola (82.18%).
T9S	Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Alkaliphilus, Allobaculum, Lactobacillus, and Blautia (83.56%).	Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, Alkaliphilus, Allobaculum, Sarcina, Natronincola, and Turicibacter (91.9%).
T9M	Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Alkaliphilus, Lactobacillus, Allobaculum, Blautia, Sarcina, and Natronincola (84.94%).	Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Alkaliphilus, and Allobaculum (82.99%).

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wpi: weeks post-injury; T5M: thoracic five moderate; T5S: thoracic five severe; T9M: thoracic nine moderate; T9S: thoracic nine severe.

Declarations

Author contributions

EGV: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—review & editing, Visualization, Formal analysis. EDlCC: Investigation, Writing—original draft. RRB: Investigation. AFR: Investigation. TPL: Validation. DRMQ: Investigation, Validation. HFNV: Supervision. IIM: Investigation, Writing—review & editing. MAVH: Supervision. EMAM: Supervision. APIG: Writing—review & editing. AI: Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing, Validation, Supervision. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

Antonio Ibarra, who is the Editorial Board Member and Guest Editor of Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy, had no involvement in the decision-making or the review process of this manuscript. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

All experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with protocols approved by the National Institutes of Health (US) guidelines and the Guide for the Care and Use of Animals. The Animal Bioethics and Welfare Committee of the Universidad Anáhuac México approved all animal procedures (Registry number: 201702-CI) in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals, and the Mexican Official Norm on Principles of Laboratory Animal Care (NOM 062-ZOO-1999).

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

The data supporting the findings will be made available upon request.

Funding

This study was supported by Universidad Anáhuac México, Grant/Award Number: 201702; Universidad Anáhuac Mexico, Grant/Award Number: 201707. The funder(s) had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Copyright

Publisher’s note

Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.

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