Adults or adolescents with acquired brain injury (traumatic, anoxic, vascular, or infectious in origin) presenting documented written language impairments
Intervention (I)
Rehabilitation programs aimed at improving reading and/or writing abilities
Comparison (C)
No intervention, standard care, or alternative rehabilitation approaches
Outcomes (O)
Primary outcomes: performance on reading/writing tasks, spelling accuracy, lexical access in writing; secondary outcomes: functional communication, quality of life, independence in daily written communication
During the preparation of this work, the authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI, 2023; https://chatgpt.com/) to generate the brain icon in Figure 1. After utilizing the tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as necessary and take full responsibility for the final content of the publication.
Author contributions
FL: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. ET: Data curation, Investigation, Formal analysis. GV: Validation, Supervision, Methodology, Visualization, Writing—review & editing, Project administration. All authors read and approved the submitted version.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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