Regression coefficients: 4-span and 5-span serial order recall
4-span
1st response backward
2nd response backward
3rd response backward
4th response backward
Executive index
beta = −0.253
beta = −0.039
beta = −0.031
beta = −0.403
n/a
P < 0.056
ns
ns
P < 0.002
Language index
beta = −0.339
beta = −0.138
beta = −0.049
beta = −0.008
n/a
P < 0.017
ns
ns
ns
Memory index
beta = −0.432
beta = 0.105
beta = −0.256
beta = −0.003
n/a
P < 0.001
ns
P < 0.049
ns
5-span
1st response backward
2nd response backward
3rd response backward
4th response backward
5th responsebackward
Executive index
beta = 0.068
beta = −0.001
beta = −0.208
beta = −0.062
beta = 0.070
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
Language index
beta = 0.078
beta = −0.008
beta = −0.298
beta = 0.066
beta = 0.298
ns
ns
P < ns
ns
ns
Memory index
beta = −0.096
beta = 0.102
beta = −0.267
beta = −0.288
beta = 0.241
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns: not significant; n/a: not available
Declarations
Author contributions
SE, ML, CCP, SB, VW, EM, RS, GB, & DJL contributed to study concept and manuscript preparation; SE, VW, EM, DJL contributed to data acquisition; SE, ML, SB, VW, EM, GB, DJL contributed to statistical analyses; DJL, GB—funding recipients; All authors read and approved the submitted version.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
This study was conducted consistent with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.
Funding
The study was funded by New Jersey Health Foundation (ISFP 23-19); Osteopathic Heritage Foundation (2018002166). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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