Exploration of Medicine

Table 3. Examples of veterinary vaccine companies and adjuvants used together with target species for each adjuvant

Company	Adjuvants used in formulations	Target species
Bioveta Ltd (Czech Republic) https://www.bioveta.eu/	Aluminium hydroxide + Quil A	Cattle
	Aluminium hydroxide	Dog, cat, cattle, sheep, goat, horse, rabbit
	Algedratum	Cattle, pig, sheep, goat, horse, camel, dog, cat, fur-bearing animals
	Algeldrat	Horse
	Oil adjuvant (Montanide ISA 35 VG)	Horse
	Oil-in-water emulsigen	Cat
	Oil emulsion	Chicken
CEVA Sane Animale (France) https://www.ceva.com/	Aluminium hydroxide	Cattle, goat, sheep, swine
	Oil adjuvant	Cattle, buffalo
	Carbomer 971 P NF	Swine
	Oil-in-water	Swine
Elanco (United States) https://www.elanco.com/en-us	Aluminium hydroxide	Swine
	Emulsigen D	Cattle
	Xtend III
	Xtend SP
Finmarkk Laboratorios S.A/Finlab (Colombia) https://finlab.com.co/	Aluminium hydroxide with low density polymers	Poultry, cattle, sheep, goat
Instituto Rosenbusch S.A (Argentina) https://rosenbusch.com/english/index.html	Aluminium hydroxide	Cattle, sheep, horse, swine, dog
BioChemiq (Argentina) https://biochemiq.com/en/	Aluminium hydroxide Gel	Horse
	Aluminium Gel and inmunomiq	Horse
	Aluminium Gel	Cattle, goat, sheep, llama, horse
	Aluminium Gel and polymers	Horse, chicken
Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute (Kenya) https://kevevapi.or.ke/	Aluminium hydroxide and saponin	Cattle, pig, sheep, goat
	Saponin	Goat
Laborotorios HIPRA S.A (Spain) https://www.hipra.com/es	Mineral oil	Turkey, rabbit, swine, cattle, sea bass, trout, poultry, sheep, goat
Laborotorios HIPRA S.A (Spain) https://www.hipra.com/es	Aluminium hydroxide	Swine
Qilu Animal Health (China) https://en.qiludb.com/	Aluminium hydroxide	Cattle, sheep, camel, mink
Qilu Animal Health (China) https://en.qiludb.com/	20% Alum Gel	Chicken, duck, goose, swine
Merck Sharp & Dohme Animal Health SL (United States) https://www.msd-animal-health.com/	DL-a-tocopheryl acetate	Swine
	Alum + Quil A	Ruminants
	Aluminium potassium sulphate	Cattle, sheep
Biogénesis Bagó (Argentina) https://www.biogenesisbago.com/en/	Aluminium hydroxide	Canine, feline
	Oil emulsion	Cattle
CZ vaccines (Spain) https://www.czvaccines.com/en/	Alum and Quil A	Cattle, sheep
	Light mineral oil, Montanide 103, Montane 80, Polysorbate 80	Sheep, goat
	Aluminium hydroxide	Swine, canine, feline, cattle, sheep, goat
	Mineral oil (Marcol 52), Montanide 103, Montane 80	Sheep, goat, swine
	Montanide	Cattle
Vecol (Colombia) https://www.vecol.com.co/en/	Aluminium hydroxide Gel	Cattle, sheep
Vecol (Colombia) https://www.vecol.com.co/en/	Oil emulsion	Cattle, swine
Laboratorios Microsules (Uraguay) https://www.laboratoriosmicrosules.com/en/	Double emulsion adjuvant	Bovine, ovine, caprine, swine, cattle, sheep
	Montanide IMS 3012	Horse
	Montanide 3012 SEPPIC	Horse
	Aluminium hydroxide	Bovine, camelid, equine, ovine, caprine, goat, swine, sheep, canine, feline
	Saponin	Bovine, ovine, swine, caprine
VetVaco (Vietnam) https://vetvaco.com.vn/en	Oil emulsion	Cattle
	Double oil emulsion Water-in-oil or oil-in-water	Swine, ruminants
	Glycerin	Cattle, swine, horse, sheep
	Aluminium Gel	Cattle, swine, dog, cat, horse, sheep, buffalo, cow, weasel
	Skim milk	Duck, chicken, swine, dog
	Agar	Swine
Virbac (France) https://au.virbac.com/home.html	Water-in-oil-in-water emulsion	Cattle
	Aluminium	Cattle, sheep
	Alum plus saponin	Dogs
Central Region Veterinary Institute – VINODA (Vietnam) https://vinoda.vn/	Aluminium hydroxide	Swine, goat, sheep, cattle, buffalo, chicken, duck, goose, ostrich
Zoetis (United States) https://www2.zoetis.com.au/	Aluminium hydroxide + mineral oil	Cattle
	Aluminium hydroxide	Equine
	Oil adjuvant	Swine, cattle, sheep
	Aluminium phosphate + aluminium hydroxide	Cattle
Veterquimica (Chile) https://www.veterquimica.cl/	Aqueous polymer	Swine, fish (salmon and trout)
	Aluminium hydroxide	Bovine, equine
	Oil and saponin	Fish (salmon and trout)
	Oil adjuvant	Fish (salmon and trout)
Calier (Spain) https://www.calier.com/en	Aluminium hydroxide	Avian
Calier (Spain) https://www.calier.com/en	Aluminium oxide	Cow, sheep, goat, pig
Vira Vaccine Shaya (Iran) https://viravaccine.com/	Aluminium hydroxide and saponin	Sheep, goat, cattle
Vira Vaccine Shaya (Iran) https://viravaccine.com/	Oil adjuvant	Sheep, goat, cattle
Vaxxinova (Italy) https://vaxxinova.us.com/	Oil emulsion	Poultry, fish
	Oil-in-water	Cattle
	Amplivac™ (formerly T56)	Swine
	Trigen™	Swine
Grand Pharma (Pakistan) https://grand-pharma.com/	Aqueous gel-based adjuvant	Poultry
	Oil adjuvant
	Water-in-oil
M.C.I. Santé Animale (Morocco) https://mci-santeanimale.com/	Aluminium hydroxide	Camel, cattle, sheep, goat
	Oil adjuvant	Sheep, goat, cattle
Labovet (Brazil) https://labovet.com.br/en	Saponin	Cattle, sheep, goat, donkey, pig
Labovet (Brazil) https://labovet.com.br/en	Aluminium hydroxide	Cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, horse, mule, canine, feline
Ouro Fino Saude Animal Participacoes (Brazil) https://www.ourofinosaudeanimal.com/en/	Aluminium hydroxide	Cattle, goat, horse
	Mineral oil	Cattle, buffalo
Biovac Ltd (Israel) https://biovac.co.il/	Oil adjuvant	Poultry
Vaxine Pty Ltd/Vetvax Pty Ltd (Australia) https://vaxine.net/	Advax (delta inulin)	Mice, guinea pig, hamster, ferret, rabbit, goat, monkey, horse, camel, alpaca Additional 38 exotic animal species from orders Carnivora, Primates and Artiodactyla
	Advax (delta inulin) plus CpG55.2
Central Veterinary Research Laboratory (United Arab Emirates) https://www.cvrl.ae/	Alum	Horse, camel
	Advax + CpG	Horse, camel

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Declarations

Disclaimer

The viewpoint and content of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

Author contributions

AA: Writing—original draft. NP: Conceptualisation, Supervision, Writing—review & editing.

Conflicts of interest

AA and NP are affiliated with Vaxine Pty Ltd which hold proprietary interests over Advax-CpG adjuvant.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Development of Advax-CpG55.2 adjuvant was supported by funding from National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [HHS-N272201400053C, HHSN272201800044C]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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