Table Info

Table 1.

Summary of biomarkers for NASH diagnosis in patients with NAFLD

Parameters measures	Non-invasive test abbreviation	AUROC	Sensitivity	Specificity	Study population, reference
ALT		0.62	72%	51%	222 NAFLD, [39]
ALT, insulin resistance, hypertension	HAIR	0.9	80%	89%	105 Bsp, [45]
ALT, insulin resistance, hypertension	HAIR	0.68	57%	77%	213 T2DM, [46]
Hypertension, T2DM, AST, ALT, OSAS, nonblack race	NASH Clinical Scoring System for Morbid Obesity	0.8			200 Bsp, [33, 57]
T2DM, OSAS, ALT, TG		0.79			253 Bsp, [44]
Age, sex, weight, height, TG, cholesterol, alfa2-macroglobulin, ApoA1, haptoglobin, total bilirubin, GGT, ALT, AST	NASH test	0.79	33%	94%	257 NAFLD + 383 cp, [48]
		0.74	14.1%	95.8%	494 obese, [49]
		0.69	71%	60%	222 T2DM, [51]
IL-6		0.92	58%	100%	83 NAFLD, [53]
IL-6		0.72	63%	80%	79 NAFLD, [54]
Adiponectin, ghrelin, leptin		0.78	81.8%	76.1%	82 NAFLD, [55]
CK18-M30		0.83			139 NAFLD, [58]
CK18-M30		0.83	66%	82%	822 NAFLD, [56]
CK18 fragments (M30 and M65 pooled)		0.82	78%	87%	9 studies (856 NAFLD), [57]
IL-6, CK18-M65, adiponectin		0.9	84%	85%	79 NAFLD, [54]
T2DM, sex, BMI, TG, CK18-M30, CK18-M65		0.81			79 NAFLD, [59]
ALT, PLT, CK18-M30		0.92	89%	86%	95 NAFLD, [61]
CK18-M30, ALT, presence of MS	Nice model	0.88–0.83			454 NAFLD, [60]
CK18-M30, CK18-M65, adiponectin, resistin	NASH diagnostics	0.91	96%	70%	101 NAFLD, [62]
Golgi protein 73, CK18-M30	G-NASH	0.84			345 NAFLD, [63]
Mac-2bp, Fuc-HPT		0.84	71.4%	82.3%	124 + 382 NAFLD, [64]
PIIINP		0.85–0.87			172 NAFLD, [91]
Type IV collagen S, ferritin, fasting insulin	NAFIC score	0.78–0.85			177 + 442 NAFLD, [99]
Type IV collagen S, AST	CA Index	0.85–0.76			94 + 62 NAFLD, [98]
PNPLA3, AST, fasting insulin	NASH Score	0.77	71.6%	73.5%	296 Bsp
PNPLA3, AST, fasting insulin	NASH Score	0.76	39.1%	89.1	380 NAFLD, [144]
PNPLA3, AST, fasting insulin, 5 metabolites (Glu, Ile, Gly, Tyr, Ser) 3 lipides (PE, TG, LysoPC)	NASH ClinLipMet Score	0.86	85.5%	72.1%	318 NAFLD, [143]
Panel of 20 TG (lipidomic profile)	OWliver Test	0.81	73%	80%	467 NAFLD, [150]
Pyroglutamate		0.88	72%	85%	21 NASH, 38 NAFL, 31 cp, [148]
N-glycan (NGA2F, NA2)	GlycoNashTest	0.74			47 NAFLD + 13 cp, [152]
		0.75–0.66			51 Bsp + 224 NAFLD, [153]
		0.72			51 Pediatric NAFLD, [154]
miR-34a		0.81			111 NAFLD, [164]
miR-34a		0.78			6 studies (406 NAFLD), [165]

ApoA1: apolipoprotein A1; Bsp: bariatric surgery patients; cp: control patients; Glu: glutamate; Gly: glycine; Ile: isoleucine; LysoPC: lysophosphatidylcholine; miR: micro RNA; OSAS: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; PE: phosphatidylethanolamine; PIIINP: N-terminal type III collagen pro-peptide; Ser: serine; Tyr: tyrosine; PNPLA3: patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 protein

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Giulio Mirabella for his contribution in the graphic support of the production of the figures in this paper.

Author contributions

VR, MM, AA and MP contributed conception and design of the study, VR and MM retrieved and selected the bibliographic references, VR and MM wrote the first draft of the manuscript, AA and MP revised it and wrote specific sessions. All authors contributed to manuscript revision, read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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