Clinical response of OPLs to cinobufacini. (A) The individual participant clinical response to treatment depicting the percentages of change in lesion size is indicated as a waterfall plot. (B) Individual change in NRS score from baseline to 4-week follow-up. OPLs: oral premalignant lesions; NRS: numerical rating scale
Declarations
Author contributions
YL and PH: Investigation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft. JM, Yuhong W, Yuanyuan W, MW, YC, and JW: Investigation, Methodology. XW: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
The study protocol was adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University (Ethical Approval number: IRB-YJ-2022005), and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2300068529).
Consent to participate
The informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.
Consent to publication
The informed consent to publication was obtained from relevant participants.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets produced and/or analyzed in this study can be obtained from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Funding
This work is supported by grants from the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of China [LCA202206]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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