From:  Polymer-based nanoparticles for cancer theranostics: advances, challenges, and future perspectives

 Summary of key characteristics for common nanoparticle synthesis methods, including size control, drug loading efficiency, and agent compatibility

Synthesis methodParticle size controlDrug loading efficiencySuitable forReferences
Solvent evaporationModerate (100–400 nm)Moderate (30–45%)Hydrophobic agents (e.g., paclitaxel, curcumin)[26, 27]
NanoprecipitationHigh (50–200 nm)Moderate to High (50–80%)Hydrophobic agents (e.g., docetaxel); limited for hydrophilic (e.g., doxorubicin)[28–30]
Emulsion-diffusionGood (100–300 nm)Low (< 10%)Hydrophobic agents (e.g., indomethacin)[31, 32]
Emulsion polymerizationGood (100–300 nm)High (80–95%)Hydrophilic agents (e.g., 5-FU)[33]
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