From:  Elevated circulating pregnane X receptor as a novel diagnostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma

 Comparison of biochemical parameters in healthy controls and HCC participants.

ParametersHealthy controls (n = 40) mean ± SEHCC cases (n = 40) mean ± SEP-value
Gender (M/F)29/1132/8-
Age (years)48.9 ± 8.5253.8 ± 6.34-
BMI (kg/m2)23.46 ± 4.2227.62 ± 5.68P < 0.001
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)0.47 ± 0.0485.57 ± 1.11P < 0.001
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)0.18 ± 0.0152.69 ± 0.57P < 0.001
Total protein (g/dL)6.638 ± 0.1566.81 ± 0.16NS
Albumin (g/dL)3.625 ± 0.1133.048 ± 0.11P < 0.001
AST (IU/L)27.05 ± 1.639188.6 ± 26.67P < 0.001
ALT (IU/L)31.03 ± 3.41485.66 ± 18.87P < 0.0001
ALP (IU/L)80.95 ± 6.636525.2 ± 134.4P < 0.001
γGT (IU/L)36.63 ± 5.774409.2 ± 114.7P < 0.001
PT (s)11.69 ± 0.8115.87 ± 1.05P < 0.001
INR1.02 ± 0.0241.305 ± 0.09P < 0.001
AFP (ng/mL)12.60 ± 0.839508.6 ± 117.2P < 0.0001

-: No statistical comparison was performed between groups. HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; SE: standard error; BMI: body mass index; NS: non-significant; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; γGT: gamma-glutamyltransferase; PT: prothrombin time; INR: international normalized ratio; AFP: alpha-fetoprotein.