From:  Helicobacter pylori and gastric MALT lymphoma: mechanisms of pathogenesis and therapeutic implications

 Summary of the results of previous studies for gastric MALT lymphoma.

StudyCountryCasesH. pylori statusGenetic alternationsClinical associationsStrengths/Limitations
Gong et al., [66]South Korea345HPP + HPNNRSuggested HPE may be attempted initially regardless of H. pylori statusRetrospective review; variable diagnostic methods
Laoruangroj et al., [65]Multicenter52HPP vs. HPNNRCR: 63% in HPP vs. 13% in HPN, showing reduced efficacy of HPE in true HPN diseaseDirect comparison; retrospective
Olszewski et al., [69]USA (SEER-Medicare)1,134MixedNRComparative outcomes across therapies support the effectiveness of RT and systemic therapy in appropriate patientsPopulation-based, retrospective, limited molecular data
Yahalom et al., [67]USA178HPNNRRT showed excellent outcomes in HPN disease; 5- and 10-year OS ~94% and 79%Large HPN cohort; retrospective
Jeong et al., [70]South Korea229HPE-resistant/HPNNRRT achieved durable control; 10-year OS ~92.8% with low toxicityLong follow-up; retrospective
Jeon et al., [71]South Korea62HPE-resistant/HPNNRReduced-dose RT (24–25.5 Gy) achieved ~96.7% CR at 6 months and ~92% 5-year local control with minimal toxicityProspective design; strong evidence for RT dosing
Opat et al. (MAGNOLIA Trial), [72]Multicenter68MixedNRZanubrutinib demonstrated ORR ~68.2% with durable responses in relapsed/refractory MZLProspective clinical trial; not gastric-specific
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CR: complete remission; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; HPE: H. pylori eradication; HPN: H. pylori-negative; HPP: H. pylori-positive; MALT: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; OS: overall survival; RT: radiation therapy.