Exploration of Digestive Diseases

Table 1. Recurrent molecular abnormalities in gastric MALT lymphoma and associated clinical implications.

Molecular abnormality	Approximate frequency	Key biologic effect	Response to eradication	Clinical implication
t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1	~20–30%	Constitutive NF-κB activation	Poor response/resistance	Early consideration of radiotherapy or systemic therapy
t(1;14)(p22;q32)	< 5%	BCL10 overexpression	Reduced response	Likely antigen-independent growth
t(14;18)(q32;q21)	Rare	MALT1 activation	Variable	Potential need for non-antibiotic therapy
Trisomy 3	~10–15%	Increased B-cell survival	Intermediate	Close surveillance eradication

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This table summarizes the most frequently reported molecular alterations in gastric MALT lymphoma, their approximate prevalence, underlying biologic effects, predicted response to Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy, and resulting therapeutic considerations. Frequencies are approximate and vary across published cohorts; molecular testing is most commonly performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. API2: apoptosis inhibitor 2; BCL10: B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10; MALT: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Department of Hematology and Oncology at Mercy Hospital Joplin for academic support.

Author contributions

VK: Conceptualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. JNP: Conceptualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. SMD: Supervision, Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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