We sincerely thank all NHANES participants and staff for making this study possible. During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT-4 only for language polishing and readability improvement. After using this tool, the authors carefully reviewed and edited the manuscript and take full responsibility for the final content.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
The NCHS Research Ethics Review Board approved the original NHANES data collection protocol, and all participants provided written informed consent. Because the present study was a secondary analysis of de-identified, publicly available data, additional institutional review board approval was not required.
Consent to participate
Written informed consent was obtained from all participants in the original NHANES survey.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets analyzed during the current study are publicly available from the NHANES website (https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/Default.aspx). The code used in the current study is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Funding
This work was supported by the Sanming Green Sprout Research Foundation. No specific grant number was assigned. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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