Details of the anticancer efficacy of BD in several human malignancies using in vivo models

Cancer typeModel usedDoseDurationMeasurement frequencyRoute of administrationObserved effectsMode of actionReferences
NSCLCA549 cells in BALB/c-nu mice40 mg/kg/day15 daysEvery 2 daysIntraperitoneal injection↓Tumour growth↑pJNK, ↑caspase 9 ↑Apoptosis; ↑LC3-II, ↑Autophagy[28]
OsteosarcomaMNNG/HOS cells in BALC/c-nu mice2.5 mg/kg/2 days;
5.0 mg/kg/2 days
12 daysEvery 2 daysIntraperitoneal injection↓Tumour size
↓Tumour weight
↓pSTAT3, ↓MMP2 and MMP9, ↓Ki67[47]
Hepatocellular carcinomaHuh7 cells in BALC/c-nu mice0.75 mg/kg/day; 1.5 mg/kg/day10 daysDailyIntravenous tail vein injection↓Tumour growth↑Proteasome, ↓Total β-catenin, ↓Active β-catenin, ↓JAG1, ↓NICD, ↑Apoptosis[45]

MMP2: matrix metalloproteinase-2 (gelatinase A); MMP9: matrix metallopeptidase 9 (gelatinase B)