From:  Digital innovation in sepsis-related healthcare: a scoping review of mobile application literature

 Summary of characteristics of included studies (for full details, see Supplementary material 4 and 5).

Study characteristicsApp purposeTotal number of studies
n (%)
Education and awareness
n (%)
Clinical assistance
n (%)
Biomarker or pathogen detection
n (%)
Total319527
Study design
    Testing and development01 (5)5 (100)6 (22)
    Survey/interview1 (33)2 (11)03 (11)
    Pre/post study2 (67)4 (21)06 (22)
    Cohort study09 (47)09 (33)
    Interrupted time series03 (16)03 (11)
Continent of studya
    North America05 (26)1 (20)6 (22)
    South America1 (33)001 (4)
    Europe02 (11)1 (20)3 (11)
    Africa1 (33)7 (37)08 (30)
    Asia1 (33)1 (5)02 (7)
    NR04 (21)3 (60)7 (26)
Participant population
    Paediatric patients06 (32)06 (22)
    Neonatal patients03 (16)03 (11)
    Adult patients04 (21)04 (15)
    All agesb01 (5)1 (20)2 (7)
    Both patients and healthcare professionals01 (5)01 (4)
    Healthcare professionalsc3 (100)4 (21)1 (20)8 (30)
    NR003 (60)3 (11)
Number of participants
    1–10002 (40)2 (7)
    11–1002 (67)4 (21)06 (22)
    101–10,0001 (33)6 (32)07 (26)
    10,001–100,00003 (16)03 (11)
    100,001+02 (11)02 (7)
    NR or variabled04 (21)3 (60)7 (26)

NR: not reported. a: Country breakdown in each continent: North America (United States of America and Canada), Europe (United Kingdom, Scotland, and Denmark), Africa (Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Uganda, and Kenya), South America (Brazil), Asia (South Korea and Thailand). b: Includes studies in which an age range was not specified. c: Healthcare professionals included clinicians, nurses, healthcare staff, medical laboratory staff, or experts in sepsis-related healthcare. d: Some studies varied participant numbers by study section, with no total number provided.