CKD: chronic kidney disease; sUA: serum urate; ULT: urate-lowering therapy. * Comorbidity data were electronically incorporated in 2010 and were available for only 960 patients.
Declarations
Acknowledgments
To the patients who shared their data through all these years.
Author contributions
FPR: Conceptualization, Investigation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Visualization. NPH: Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Visualization. Both authors read and approved the submitted version.
Conflicts of interest
FPR is or has been an advisor for Crystalyx, Protalix, and SOBI; speaker for Menarini and Spanish Foundation for Rheumatology. FPR, who is the Editor-in-Chief of Exploration of Musculoskeletal Diseases, had no involvement in the decision-making or the review process of this manuscript. The other author declares no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of OSI EEC at Cruces University Hospital (registry number CEIC-E03/45) and complied with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent to participate
Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from the participants, or their legal guardians if applicable.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets for this study can be obtained on request from the first author, if approval is provided by the Ethics Committee.
Funding
This study has been partially funded by Cruces Rheumatology Association (ARC, grant 01/2025). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. FPR is a member of ARC, but took no part in funding decisions.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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